| Pet dogs has gradually become common nowadays,pet diseases are becoming more and more complicated,and then,the pet medical care is in rapid development in China.Among them,canine heart problem is a type of complex diseases which are difficult to diagnose for veterinarian.Clinically,X-ray examination is commonly used to screen cardiac enlargement and to diagnose whether the dog has heart problem,such as VHS method.In fact,many dogs do not exhibit cardiac symptoms at present of cardiac enlargement.This study applied the classification of cardiac dysfunction in the New York Heart Association(NYHA)into the clinical practice of small animals,and properly modifies it to combine with the X-ray examination of dogs,so as to form a more accurate and practical clinical screening method.In this experiment,the clinically collected cases were firstly divided into four grades and detailedly recorded according to the criteria of cardiac insufficiency classification of NYHA.After chest radiography,the heart parameters were measured,and data analysis was performed to find out the threshold value of heart enlargement between different grades.A quantitative evaluation of VHS and their relationship with the four grades of cardiac insufficiency were detailed explained in canine.52 clinical healthy dogs were collected as control.A total of 217 cases were divided as the first grade of cardiac insufficiency(48 dogs),second grade(40 dogs),third grade(41 dogs)and fourth grade(36 dogs),according to their clinical signs.X-ray assessed of cardiac size were performed using VHS and Hamlin evaluative methods.Then,the relevant indexes were calculated and analyzed.Finally,the index ranges of different grade were evaluated.The experimental results and analysis are as follows:1.The correlation between VHS values and grades of cardiac insufficiency was significant,and VHS values between all four grades were significant different(P<0.05).The definitive range of VHS was 9.7 ± 0.4 in healthy dogs,10.2 ± 0.5 in first grade,10.7 ± 0.6 in second grade,11.0 ± 0.7 in third grade,11.8 ± 1.2 in fourth grade.When the confidence interval was 50%,VHS was between 9.54-9.87 in healthy dogs,10.02-10.39 in first grade,10.4-10.96 in second grade,10.76-11.33 in third grade,11.25-12.35 in fourth grade.When the confidence interval is 99%,VHS was between 9.66-9.75 in healthy dogs,10.16-10.25 in first grade,10.61-10.75 in second grade,10.97-11.12 in third grade and 11.66-12.93 in fourth grade.2.There was low-correlation between the ratio of A to LC in all four grades of cardiac insufficiency with Hamlin assessment parameters,and other parameters have no correlation with grades of cardiac insufficiency.The variance analysis of the ratio of(LH+RH)to LAT and the ratio of A to LC presented a significant difference between different grades(P<0.05).(LH + RH)/ LAT value was 0.53±0.05 in healthy dogs,0.51±0.05 in first grade,0.52±0.04 in second grade,0.53±0.05 in third grade and 0.57±0.07 in fourth grade.A / LC value was 0.50±0.08 in healthy dogs,0.54±0.10 in first grade,0.54±0.09 in second grade,0.60±0.13 in third grade and 0.61±0.11 in fourth grade.Variance analysis of other parameters is not significant.No confidence interval analysis in this paper because their lower-relationship with classification of cardiac dysfunction.In conclusion:a preliminary assessment of the grade of cardiac insufficiency can be made by evaluating the VHS within radiographs.9.7 ± 0.4 meant cardiac health,10.2±0.5 indicated to first grade insufficiency,10.7±0.6 to second grade,11.0±0.7 to third grade and 11.8±1.2 to fourth grade.The Hamlin parameters showed low correlation with grade of cardiac insufficiency. |
