Study On Domestication And Cultivation Of Three Wild Vegetables

Heracleum moellendorffii Hance,Acanthopanax senticosus Harms and Aralia elata（Miq）Seem are one of the important natural resources in China,with the continuous deepening of the knowledge of wild vegetables,the amount of mining has increased with the increase of market demand,the current cultivation of wild vegetables has been developed,but are all the excavation of wildlife resources,introduced to the field,greenhouse,such a long-term unrestrained plundering phenomenon,as a result of the rapid decline of wild vegetable resources,the continuous development of natural forest and natural protection brings more and more problems,so the domestication of wild vegetables has become an inevitable trend,at present,there are few studies on domestication and propagation of the Heracleum moellendorffii Hance,Acanthopanax senticosus Harms and Aralia elata（Miq）Seem,and the mechanism is not yet clear.In this paper,the Heracleum moellendorffii Hance,Acanthopanax senticosus Harms,Aralia elata（Miq）Seem as material,through the study of different seed time,different concentrations of gibberellin,gibberellin combined with different low-temperature layers of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance seed germination effect,explore the rapid way of the seedling breeding of the Heracleum moellendorffii Hance;By studying the effects of different planting densities and different fertilizer application on the growth and development of three species of wild vegetables,the aim is to provide theoretical basis for its domestication and cultivation.The following conclusions are obtained through the study:（1）In the natural maturation of the Heracleum moellendorffii Hance（the seeds began to become yellow-brown）after 28 days of embryo stagnation,a certain concentration of gibberellin（GA₃）effectively improved the seed embryo length,embryo rate of the Heracleum moellendorffii Hance,using 200 mg/L GA₃（T2 treatment）the best effect.（2）Gibberellin combined with low temperature layer treatment is advantageous to the germination of the seeds of the Heracleum moellendorffii Hance,and the 200 mg/L GA₃ combined with the outdoor wintering layer is the best.（3）In this experiment,the suitable density of the Heracleum moellendorffii Hance,Acanthopanax senticosus Harms and Aralia elata（Miq）Seem was favorable to the accumulation of effective constituents（saponins,flavonoids,coumarin,etc.）in 0.50m×0.50m,1.00m×1.20m and1.00m×1.20m respectively.Heracleum moellendorffii Hance,Acanthopanax senticosus Harms,the cultivation density of Aralia elata（Miq）Seem in 0.35 m×0.50 m,0.50 m×1.20 m and 0.50 m×1.20m were favorable for high yield.（4）The proportion of 8 kg/667 m² and potassium sulfate 10.67 kg/667 m² used in the Heracleum moellendorffii Hance is propitious to the accumulation of early ripening,high yield and effective ingredient（saponins,flavonoids and coumarin）.（5）The proportion of diammonium phosphate（13.34 kg/667 m²）and potassium sulfate（6 kg/667m²,12 kg/667 m²）is beneficial to the accumulation of high yield and effective constituents（soluble sugar,soluble protein,polysaccharide,saponins and flavonoids）,and is beneficial to the high yield and effective constituents accumulation of Aralia elata（Miq）Seem（soluble sugar,soluble protein,polysaccharide,saponins,flavonoids）.