Effect Of Rhizosphere Microorganism Of Tomato Intercropping With Potato Onion On Verticillium Wilt Resistance In Tomato

In recent years,the growing of planting area in faculty vegetable,the sale of production continuously was continuous to develop.Due to the single cultivation and planting mode,it was resulting diseases continuously growing.In order to pursue high yields and maximize profits,blindly use fertilizers and pesticides,it was resulting deterioration in soil and decrasing in yield and quality.In the case of “double reduction—reducing weight and reducing medicine”,the problem that needs to be solved is to improve the soil,control the disease,and increase the yield and quality.The study found that intercropping patterns such as crop intercropping can alleviate the soil-borne diseases caused by continuous cropping,meanwhile,increase the stability of the ecosystem.In this study,potato onion and tomato were used as the research objects.Using high-throughput sequencing and real-time fluorescence quantification technology,the effects of rhizosphere soil microorganisms of potato onion intercropping with tomato on tomato Verticillium wilt resistance were studied.So that it provided a theoretical basis for alleviating continuous obstacles and related research.The main results were as follows:1.In plant soil feedback,the results showed that the tomato disease index and incidence of inoculation 6% unsterilized intercropping tomato rhizosphere soil was significantly lower than that of 6% unsterilized monoculture tomato rhizosphere soil.The disease index and incidence of inoculaton 6% unsterilized tomato rhizosphere soil were significantly lower than that of 6% sterilized tomato rhizosphere soil.Inoculation with 6% sterilized monocropping and 6% sterilized intercropping tomato rhizosphere soil had no significant difference in disease index and incidence.It showed that the reduction of the incidence and disease index of tomato is influenced by the rhizosphere microorganisms.2.The Miseq sequencing results showed that,(1)at the phylum level,the bacteria in each treatment mainly included Actinobacteria,Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,Chloroflexi,Bacteroidetes and Acidobacteria.Intercropping increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes and decreased the relative abundance of Saccharibacteria.(2)At the phylum level,the fungi main dominant bacteria included Ascomycota,Zygomycota and Basidiomycota.Intercropping increased the relative abundance of Basidiomycota and decreased the relative abundance of Ascomycota.(3)At the genus level of bacterial,the relative abundance of Nocardioides and Nitrogen cycling-related Bacillus were increased.And the relative abundance of Nitrospira were significantly reduced;(4)At the genus level of fungi,the relative abundance of Mortierella,Arthrographis and Gymnoascus had no difference.The relative abundance of Microascus increased compared to monocropping.The results showed that intercropping with potato onion affected the changes of soil microorganisms.3.Monoculture and intercropping tomato of planting rooted rhizosphere soil,these defense enzymes such as SOD,PPO,PAL and 1,3-β-glucosidase significantly higher the treatment of monoculture and intercropping tomato of planting rootless rhizosphere soil,respectively.And resistance-related proteins(PR1,PR2,PR3)genes,phenol oxidase gene(PPO),phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL)gene and lipoxygenase(LOX)gene.The result showed that defense enzymes and resistance enhance might be closely related to soil microbial.In summary,intercropping with potato onion changed the soil microbial community structure in tomato rhizosphere,the rhizosphere microorganisms increased the activitives of defense enzymes expression of resistance related genes in tomato roots.