| Dictyophora,as a rare and high quality edible fungus,optimizing its cultivation mode is very worthy of being study and discussing.In this study,we carried out the facilities cultivation experiment in Sichuan Agricultural University Farm in Ya'an in 2016,and set up three kinds of specifications for cultivation box(30*30*50cm,30*30*100cm,30*30*150cm,respectively marked as Al,A2 and A3),two layers of shelves cultivation(B1 and B2,respectively),two casingsoil materials(earthworm feces and loam,respectively,marked as C1 and C2)and adding the earthworm feces into cultivated material(without adding and adding 30%of the earthworm feces,respectively,marked as D1 and D2).the effects of the formation and quality of Dictyophora will be studied,and the two kinds of casing materials' physical and chemical properties and microbial activity differences will be analysized,to explore its mechanism of action.So as to make a basic research for the construction project of Dictyophora eco-industrialization development demonstration base after the disaster of Lushan,and to optimize the cultivation conditions of Dictyophora,and to provide the basis for the development of comprehensive utilization of local resources.The main results are as follows:(1)In this experiment,the cultivation mode which used 30*30*100(cm)cultivationbox with upper shelf cultivation and earthworm feces as the casingsoil materials lifted the yield and biotransformation rate of Dictyophora japonica to 184.46 kg/667m2and 23.70%respectively and also improved the cultivated characters,and shorten the nutrient growth period to 81 days.The picking period was prolonged by 44 days(controlling the growth cycle of Dictyophora,shortening the vegetative growth cycle and prolonging the picking cycle was the linchpin of improving the growth rate of Dictyophora japonica L.),and the impact of water content is not significant;Secondly,there is a certain impact on the active ingredients of Dictyophora.Under this cultivation pattern,after carefui comparison,the yield and cultivation traits of Dictyophora japonica were the best,and the comprehensive index was better.(2)Under the different conditions of cultivation box's specifications,The effects of the length of the box on the yield and its constituent factors(the number of bacteria,the number of mushrooms,the weight of fresh mushrooms)and the quality of the morphological quality were increasing firstly and then decreasing.And the content of the active ingredient and the fuction of the active ingredient were not affected significantly.The results showed that the appropriate length of the cultivation box could effectively improve the cultivation efficiency of Dictyophora,and the cultivation box which was too short or too long is not favorable for high yield,so the 30*30*100(cm).was most suitable.(3)The shelf for the impact of the indicators of Dictyophora,has a significant effect.The indicators in the upper level is better than the lower ones,and we suggesting that the main influencing factors are environmental.Usually in the greenhouse or other facilities cultivation environment,the upper microenvironment temperature will be slightly higher than the lower one.Besides,the upper light conditions will be slightly better than the lower one.Dictyophora and other edible fungus reproductive growth partly depends on the satisfaction of induced conditions such as induction of light(4)The results showed that the earthworm feces had a significant effect on raising the yield of Dictyophora,and the number of bacteria and the number of fruiting were significantly increased,and the effect on the single fruiting body's weight was not significant.The effect on the content of active substances is not significant,but for the reducing power of active substances,it played a certain role in promoting.In this experiment,the earthworm feces and loam soils were sampled from one day before the use and one day after the pick,and we compared the physical and chemical properties,physical structure,microbial content and FDA hydrolase content.Of the physical and chemical properties contrast,the Dictyophora which is before and after fruiting,consumed some casing material,organic matter,nitrogen and available phosphorus,but the alkali nitrogen,available phosphorus consumption is much higher than the consumption of organic matter,and the consumption of the nutrient content in the vermicompost is much higher than the consumption of soil,In the comparison of the physical structure,the vermicompost is slightly higher than the soil in the porosity and the maximum water holding capacity,and the physical structure is more satisfying for the breath and space environment demand of the growth of Dictyophora.In the comparison of microbial content and FDA hydrolase content,regardless of before and after cultivation,the number of microorganisms and enzyme activity in the earthworm feces should be higher than the one in the loam.It is proved that vermicompost as a casing material has a certain promoting effect on the growth of Dictyophora,which is an ideal casing material,and it has a great space for development in the pattern of box-type cultivation.(5)The performance of earthworm feces as casing material is much higher than that of general loam.However,adding a certain proportion of earthworm feces into cultivation material to cultivate Dictyophora is deficient,and the yield,the content of active ingredients and the reducing power were restrained partly.(6)For the main influencing mechanism of each factor,the length of the box,the shelves and the casing material are mainly aimed at the influence of the nutrient-community formed by the later growth of mycelia.The main contents include nutrition supplement and growth stimulus.There is only a certain balance between the growth stimulus inducement and the nutrient supplement,which can form the high yield and high quality condition.At the same time,there is a certain effect on the enzyme activity of Dictyophora,and then Dictyophora's growth process was affected from all perspective,especially in the mycelium differentiation process,and then achieve the unity of production and quality and function. |
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