Effects Of Several Pesticides On Seeds Germination And Seedling Growth Of Different Kinds Of Crops

1.In order to evaluate the security of two kinds of commonly used pre-emergence herbicide on five kinds of crop seeds,an experiment was carried out to explore effects of pendimethalin 33% emulsifiable concentrate and 2,4-D butylate 72% emulsifiable concentrate on seed germination of five kinds of crops(wheat,corn,soybeans,mung beans and peanuts)by using indoor culture dish method.The results showed that pendimethalin 33% emulsifiable concentrate could promote the germination rate,germination potential and germination index at the concentration of 330.0 mg/L for seeds of five kinds of crops compared with control group.In other words,the optimum concentration for seed soaking of pendimethalin 33% emulsifiable concentrate is 330.0 mg/L.2,4-D Butylate 72% emulsifiable concentrate could promote the germination rate,germination potential and germination index at the concentration of 72.0 mg/L for seeds of five kinds of crops compared with control group.Namely,the suitable concentration for seed soaking of 2,4-D Butylate 72% emulsifiable concentrate is 72.0 mg/L.Therefore,we suggest that the security of concentration of pendimethalin 33% emulsifiable concentrate and 2,4-D butylate 72% emulsifiable concentrate on five kinds of crop seeds were 330.0 mg/L and 72.0 mg/L,respectively.2.This study aims to obtain the optimum concentration for five different wheat strains seed dressing of imidacloprid and triadimefon,an experiment was carried out to explore effects of imidacloprid 50% wettable powder and triadimefon 25% wettable powder on seed germination of five different wheat strains(70,11,06156,zhoumai18 and 11sui136)by using indoor culture dish method.The results showed that imidacloprid 50% wettable powder could promote the germination rate,germination potential and germination index at the concentration of 125.0 mg/L for five different wheat strains compared with control group.In other words,the optimum concentration for seed dressing of imidacloprid 50% wettable powder is 125.0 mg/L.Triadimefon 25% wettable powder could promote the germination rate,germination potential and germination index at the mass concentration of 37.5 mg/L and 75.0 mg/L for five different wheat strains compared with control group,and the later dose had significant promoting effect.Namely,the suitable concentration for seed dressing of triadimefon 25% wettable powder is 37.5-75.0 mg/L.Therefore,we suggest that the optimum concentration for seed dressing of imidacloprid 50% wettable powder and triadimefon 25% wettable powder on five different wheat strains were 125.0 mg/L and 37.5-75.0 mg/L,respectively.3.Under the prepared concentration,the optimal concentrationsof six kinds of pre-emergence herbicide were obtained by using paper bed method for maize and peanut seed germination,respectively.Second,the influence ofsix kinds of preemergence herbicide to seed germination of maize and peanut were further studiedusing pot-culture methodunder the optimal concentrations.The results show that 720 g/L Metolachlorand 50% Butachlor had no adverse effecton maize seedling growth,and it can promote the growth of seedling,and to some extent it is suited for the pre-emergence herbicide with mulch for planting maize;the three kinds of preemergence herbicides(720 g/L Metolachlor,50% Butachlor and 240 g/L Oxyfluorfen)were suited for planting peanutwith interaction by mulch plastic film.The research results could provide certain theoretical basis and practical guidance for security growing maize and peanut in future.