| Whitmania pigra Whitman belongs to Haemo pidae and dried W.pigra,Hirudo(Fauna Sinica,1996).Chinese pharmacopoeia(2015)recorded it belong to Hirudinidae.It's main raw material of many traditional Chinese medicine that can treat cardiovascular diseases and it is mainstream varieties of medicinal leeches market in China.Due to the huge market demand for Hirudo and environmental pollution is increasing,leading to wild resources on the verge of exhaustion,artificial breeding technology arises.At present,although W.pigra outdoor artificial breeding technology has achieved initial success,but there are still many such as temperature,light and other uncontrollable factors,seriously affecting the yield and economic benefit,and indoor intensive farming model is capable of autonomously controlling environmental factors,the study of leech indoor cultivation is the only way to increase W.pigra production in the future.This paper studies the feeding methods of W.pigra indoor cultivation,main factors affect W.pigra indoor breeding and the effect of different stocking density on the growth dynamic mechanism of W.pigr,results are as follows:(1)The oxygen consumption,oxygen consumption rate and suffocation point of different quality W.pigra and Bellamya purificata Heude were determined by hydrostatic breathing room method.The effects of feeding modes on growth of W.pigra were determined by biomass.The results showed that the oxygen consumption rate correlated positively with the weight of W.pigra(P<0.05),the relationship formula is Y=0.152X-0.485(R2=0.938).suffocation point increased with the increases of the weight(P<0.05),the oxygen consumption correlated positively with the weight(P<0.05).The oxygen consumption rate of B.purificata first increased and then decreased with the increasing of the weight(P<0.05).Consumption was positively correlated with the quality.(P<0.05),the choking point was negatively correlated with quality(P<0.05).Feeding modes had no significant effects on the finial weight,SGR,WGR,death rates of W.pigra.Feeding modes had significant effects on eating ratio.No significant differences in food intake at different times,but significant difference in weight gain(P<0.05).Results:Feeding one time every 3 days is the most appropriate feeding frequency,the quality of W.pigra weigh 0?3 g,feed 2-4 times the quality of freshB.purificata,when bigger than 6 g,feed 0.7?1 times the quality of fresh B.purificata.(2)In the indoor temperature conditions,using the orthogonal test and biomass measurement method to study the effect of breeding density,the size of water body,changing water frequency and changing water amount on W.pigra seedling growth,Screening the key factor,using the two factor completely randomized experimental design and biomass measurement method to study the effect of different breeding density and water change frequency on W.pigra growth.Using 3,5-two nitro salicylic acid colorimetry,acid-nitrobenzene on palmitate(p-NPP)colorimetry and folin phenol method to study the effect of breeding density and water change frequency on digestive enzyme activities and biochemical indexes and internal quality of W.pigra.The results show that:the breeding density and water exchange frequency significantly influence the growth of W pigra(P<0.05),water body size and water exchange amount of W.pigra do not significantly affect growth(P>0.05),the specific growth rate is negatively correlated with breeding density(P<0.05).and positively correlated with the frequency of water exchange(P<0.05),effects of the interaction is significant on W.pigra specific growth rate(P<0.05).Conclusion:select 10/bottle(500 thousand/mu)and 72 h/times as the suitable breeding density and water exchange frequency,the breeding density and the frequency of the water change may affect the W.pigra digestive enzyme activity and anti enzyme activity and influence the growth of W.pigra,their influence on W.pigra internal quality is not significant.(3)Making Use of biomass measurement,3,5-two nitro salicylic acid colorimetry,acid-nitrobenzene on palmitate(p-NPP)colorimetry and folin phenol method to study the effect of different breeding density on W.pigra,s growth,digestive enzyme activity,biochemical index and water quality.The results show that:the final quality,SGR and the survival rate are inversely proportional to the breeding density(P<0.05),The oxygen content is inversely proportional to the breeding density,the ammonia nitrogen value,nitrite and sulfide are directly proportional to the breeding density(P<0.05),the activity of lipase,acid protease and alkaline protease in 12 d is not obvious and is inversely proportional to breeding density after 12 d(P<0.05),the activity of SOD,CAT and ALP increased with the increase of density(P<0.05),and then decreased with the increase of density(P<0.05).Conclusion:The breeding density can induce the deterioration of water quality,reduce the W.pigra digestive enzymes and anti enzyme activity,and ultimately make W.pigra grow slowly and survival rate decrease. |
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