The Effects Of Different Rearing Systems On Carcass Quality Of Pigs

Under-forest and Pighouse are both important rearing systems in our country.It’s still unclear how the rearing systems impact the growth,carcass quality in pigs,which directly causes the problems in application of the systems and safety of pig industy.Thus,aims of the investigation was to analyze the effects of two systems on the backfat thickness and carcass quality of Huai pig and Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire(DLY).Furthermore,the intestinal microbial structure and the association of intestinal flora in the systems with pig carcass quality have been explored.Fifty pigs were selected from Huai pig and DLY,respectively,reared in Under-forest and Pighouse systems.The 100 pigs were divided into four groups: Huai pigs with Under-forest(TA);Huai pigs with Pighouse(HA);DLY with Under-forest(TB);DLY with Pighouse(HB).Both males and females were castrated,insect repellent and epidemic prevention before the trial.Pigs of HA and HB fed basic diet,and pigs of TA and TB fed basic diet supplementarily.All of the pigs werec arried out regular management.After trial period was 3 months,some pigs were slaughtered,detected for the backfat thickness and meat quality traits,and collec-t ed from intestinal feces for investigating the intestinal microbial flora.The effects of different rearing systems on pig carcass performances were explored.The results showed that:(1)Either Huai pig or DLY,the slaughter rate and backfat thickness didn’t differ between rearing systems(P>0.05).(2)Huai pig were better than DLY in every meat quality indicators obviously(P<0.05).Huai pig with Under-forest significantly raised the marbling(P<0.01),water-holding capacity than that with Pighouse(P<0.05).The water-holding capacity of DLY with Under-forest greatly increased 25%(P<0.01),but meat color,marbling and pH didn’t differ between rearing systems(P>0.05).(3)The muscle fat of pigs with Pighouse was lower,but it didn’t reach a significant level than that with Under-forest(P>0.05).The muscle chemical content didn’t differ between groups(P>0.05).(4)Rearing systems affected the digestion and absorption of nutrients by altering the intestinal microbial structure of pigs,so that the carcass traits was changed.(5)Oscillospira and Spirochaeta were beneficial to the absorption of protein in pigs(P<0.05).Verrucomicrobiae and YRC22 reduced the fat deposition in muscle(P<0.05).Prevotella inhibited the fat deposition in backfat(P<0.05).Erysipelotri chales and Veilloriellaceae significantly damaged the meat color score(P<0.01).Prevotellaceae,Oscillospira and Prevotella greatly increased water loss(P<0.01).