Research On Landscape Dynamic Change Of Guanmenshan Forest Park Based On LANDIS Model

This study took Guanmenshan National Forest Park of Benxi City as the research object,collected and investigated the resource data of 13042 forest classes and 10429 small classes in2018 of Guanmenshan National Forest Park,The LANDIS Pro7.0 spatial visual landscape model and Fragstats,Arc GIS software are used to simulate the dynamic changes of tree species patch area ratio,landscape aggregation index,landscape diversity index,landscape fractal dimension index and evenness index in Guanmenshan National Forest Park in the next300 years.The dynamic changes of forest succession landscape in Guanmenshan National Forest Park in long time scale and large space range are explored,which provides important scientific basis for the scientific regulation of forest vegetation structure and composition,the accurate judgment of forest vegetation succession direction and speed,and the optimization and adjustment of forest landscape pattern.The main findings are as follows:1.Guanmenshan Forest Park is mainly landscape forest,water conservation forest and general timber forest.The area of Quercus spp stands in landscape forest and water conservation forest is 962.6 hm~2and 1193.5 hm~2respectively.Larix spp stands in general timber forest occupy the most area 371.8 hm~2;The age group structure of Guanmenshan Forest Park is mainly middle and young forests with an area of 2549.9 hm~2and 863 hm~2respectively.The site types are mainly shady slope steep slope with an area of 1691.5 hm~2.2.It was found that Quercus spp stand landscape patch area was the largest in 2018 by using Fragstats software to simulate the 300-year natural succession of Guanmenshan National Forest Park,which was 18.8078.Next was the Tilia spp tree area,which was16.9730;With the succession,by 2318,the patch area of larix spp stand was the largest,29.5015;The second is the patch area of Pinus Koraiensis landscape,is 21.7816;According to the succession simulation results,coniferous tree species generally showed an upward trend during the whole succession process,while broadleaf tree species generally showed a downward trend,under natural succession,forest vegetation would develop towards coniferous forest in the direction of retrograde succession.The landscape aggregation index of all vegetation in 2318 decreased compared with that in 2018;Among them,the aggregation degree of coniferous trees decreased first and then increased slowly,while the aggregation degree of Tilia spp trees in broadleaf trees was relatively stable;Ulmus pumila was the tree species with the largest variation range in the simulation process.The aggregation degree of Fraxinus spp was decreasing until the end of succession in the whole simulation stage.In the300 years of succession simulation,the landscape fractal dimension index of each dominant tree species varied from 1.0 to 1.1,which indicate that the variation degree of landscape patch edge was small and regular.In 2018,Ulmus pumila had the largest landscape fractal dimension,1.0904;In 2318,the fractal landscape index of Larix spp was the largest,1.0556;The results showed that they had the greatest external influence at the beginning and the end of the succession.And in the whole succession simulation,the subdimension of Fraxinus spp was always the smallest,it had the best connectivity.In the whole succession process,the landscape evenness index was positively correlated with the landscape diversity index,which showed a change trend of first decreasing,then increasing and finally slowly decreasing,and their change trend characteristics were consistent with the whole forest landscape developing towards the succession direction of coniferous forest community.3.In order to change the retrograde succession pattern of coniferous forest and enhance the richness of color-leaf tree species in Guanmenshan Forest Park,we should adopt broad-leaved trees suitable for growth,meanwhile adopt mosaic clear cutting,gradual cutting and mass selective cutting for larch and other fast-growing timber forests.We should focus on developing tall and long-lived native broad-leaved trees such as Quercus mongolica Fisch,Quercus wutaishansea Mary,The artificial pure forest of Pinus Koraiiensis in the forest park was transformed from simple wood production to fruit wood combined forest and landscape recreation forest.At the same time,we should promote the development of maple community and broad-leaved mixed forest community,accelerate the construction of color forest in forest park,improve the deficiency of existing forest landscape,optimize forest landscape and promote the healthy and stable development of plant community.