Analysis Of The Spatiotemporal Pattern Of China’s Dry Bulk Shipping Trade

Dry bulk cargo transportation is an important part of international maritime trade,accounting for more than one-third of the world’s shipping volume.With China’s increasing position in the global shipping network,it is urgent to fully grasp the trade characteristics of China’s ports.As a large import and export country of dry bulk cargo trade,China can better promote the functional positioning of ports along the line and regional trade cooperation by accurately grasping the temporal and spatial pattern of dry bulk cargo maritime trade.At present,the research on China’s maritime market mainly focuses on the container shipping network and oil transportation network,while the research on dry bulk cargo maritime network is less.Based on the AIS data of China’s dry bulk cargo in 2014,the 6th census data and the 25th edition of world port retrieval data,this paper explores the temporal and spatial pattern of China’s dry bulk cargo maritime trade from the perspective of time and space.Firstly,the trade frequency and volume of dry bulk cargo in China in each month of 2014 are obtained.By analyzing and comparing the trade frequency and volume comprehensively,the trade status of dry bulk cargo in China in different time is obtained,so that the cargo ship resources can be fully utilized according to time.Then,according to the block model analysis method,the port is divided into eight blocks.From the horizontal and vertical perspectives,the port coincidence degree of each block and the core port in the block are obtained,so as to understand the dependence and competition between ports.Moreover,through the analysis of the development degree of dry bulk cargo in various port markets by category development index method,we can get the formation of regional demand markets and the position development of each port in the region,further grasp the regional economic development and people’s demand situation,and provide favorable reference for expanding the market and investment prediction.Finally,we can analyze the demonstrative comparative advantage index of dry bulk cargo in each port,Get the competitiveness of dry bulk trade in the domestic market of ports and regions.According to the results of the analysis,the paper gives some policy suggestions to improve the quality of dry bulk trade.The results show that:1)the distribution of dry bulk trade in each month of 2014 is unbalanced,and there are wave like fluctuations,reaching the highest value in January and may,and reaching the lowest value in February and December,and the trade volume and frequency are not well balanced between July and September,which may cause resource waste,and the trade volume is greatly affected by holidays and weather conditions;2)China’s dry bulk shipping network is divided into 8 Shanghai port,Zhoushan port and Tianjin new port are in the core position in the whole shipping network.Among them,block 1 has relatively more internal member connections,and block 7 has relatively less internal member connections.Each block presents a hub-and-spoke network structure in which the core port drives the development of the surrounding ports.There are different degrees of interaction and exchanges between different blocks.Block 8,which has Shanghai port and Zhoushan port,plays a leading role in the whole China’s maritime transport network.3)the Bohai rim area forms a demand market with Tianjin new port as the core,with exports larger than imports and foreign trade In a favorable position,the Yangtze River Delta region has formed a demand market with the above seaports as the core,and the overall import is greater than the export,so the foreign trade is in a disadvantageous position;the Pearl River Delta region has formed a demand market with Macao port and Hong Kong port as the core,and from the perspective of CDI,the regional foreign trade competitiveness needs to be improved;4)The regional dry bulk trade of the Yangtze River Delta has a strong competitiveness in the whole country,and the average RCA value of the Bohai Rim region is close to the domestic average level,which indicates that the regional dry bulk trade has a certain competitiveness,while the Pearl River Delta region has a lack of competitiveness.