Research On The Impact Of High-speed Rail Way On The Income Gap Between Urban And Rural Residents In China

Since the reform and opening up,China's economy has grown at a high speed,with GDP ranking the second in the world and residents' income rising significantly.But behind the growth,there are many structural distortions.Therefore,the report of the19 th CPC national congress pointed out that the main contradiction in Chinese society has been transformed into the contradiction between the people's ever-growing needs for a better life and unbalanced and inadequate development.The main manifestation of unbalanced and inadequate development between urban and rural areas is the large income gap between urban and rural residents.The large income gap between urban and rural residents not only runs counter to the concept of China's economic development and restricts the sustainable growth of the macro economy,but also affects residents' happiness,brings unstable factors and affects social stability and.For a long time,governments and scholars have been looking for effective ways to solve the problem of income distribution of urban and rural residents.In recent years,the opening of high-speed trains seems to offer a new way to narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents.Therefore,from the perspective of high-speed railway,this paper makes a more comprehensive analysis of the economic effect of China's high-speed railway opening,which is of great significance for narrowing the income gap between urban and rural residents and realizing balanced economic development.This paper combines theoretical analysis,current situation analysis and empirical analysis.At the level of theoretical analysis,this paper summarizes the existing literature,and based on the relevant basic theories such as new economic geography theory,circular accumulation causality theory and transportation channel,obtains the mechanism of the impact of high-speed railway on the income gap between urban and rural residents.Under the effect of spatio-temporal convergence effect and spatial superposition effect,the opening of high-speed railway improves regional accessibility,expands the flow range of factors,and speeds up the flow rate of factors.However,the different flow directions of factors lead to different income growth rates of urban residents and rural residents,thus affecting the income gap between urban and rural residents.At the level of current situation analysis,this paper describes and analyzes the current situation of China's high-speed rail development and the income gap between urban and rural residents,and thus concludes that the operating mileage,passenger volume and passenger turnover of China's high-speed rail continue to rise,and the income gap between urban and rural residents presents periodic changes,regional differences and structural differences.In terms of empirical analysis,this paper selects the data of 279 prefecture-level cities from 2008 to 2017 to test the impact of high-speed rail on the income gap between urban and rural residents by constructing an econometric model.The results show that the income gap between urban and rural residents will be narrowed by the opening of high-speed railway,but there is heterogeneity between regions.The impact of high-speed rail on the income of rural residents is greater than that of urban residents.Finally,on the basis of theoretical and empirical analysis,this paper draws some policy inspirations to narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents.