Evaluation Of Ecological Sensitivity Of Towns In Xinjiang Of "the Belt And Road"

Due to various factors such as natural and human activities,land resources are constantly changing,causing changes in the area’s ecological environment and even changes in the global environment.In the past decade or so,the rapid economic development of Xinjiang cities along the“One Belt and One Road”has led to continuous deterioration of the natural environment along the region’s natural resources as a result of the constant extraction and exploitation of ecological resources in the region and the unreasonable and uncontrolled use of land.The direction of development.The reasonable and comprehensive evaluation of the ecological sensitivity of the towns along the Xinjiang“Belt and Road”is important for pointing out the prominent ecological problems,identifying the areas where they occur,and the potential hazards.In this study,12 cities including Xinjiang Urumqi,Changji,Shihezi,Kuitun,Bole,Yining,Turpan,Hami,Korla,Aksu,Atushi,and Kashgar were selected as the research objects in Xinjiang under the“Belt and Road”background.Based on this,through GIS and RS functions and analysis techniques,a comprehensive study of the dynamic evolution of land use was conducted and the issue of eco-environmental sensitivity in the region was discussed.Provide scientific basis and technical support for the rectification of the ecosystem in the region,the governance of policies,and the deployment of sustainable development strategies.And draw the following conclusions:(1)In terms of land use,the largest increase or decrease in cultivated land and grassland in the study area from 2005 to 2015.Changes in the upward trend are arable land,residents,and industrial and mining land,which are 6242.79km~2 and 1087.52km~2.Woodland,grassland,water areas and unused land all show a downward trend,with a change of-526.96km~2 and-3577.55km~2,-257.57km~2,-2968.28km~2.The increase and decrease of different types of land use shows that the changes are mainly due to the rapid growth of the population and economy in the region.As a result,people’s demand for food and living areas has increased,and damage to vegetation and the environment has increased.(2)In the transfer of land use,most of the transfer of land use types during the period from 2005 to 2015 was grassland,transfer of unused land,and transfer of cultivated land.Among them,the arable land is mainly transferred to grassland,residents and industrial and mining land,and the area is 268.72km~2 and 440.31km~2respectively;the forest land is mainly transferred to arable land and grassland as453.59km~2 and 136.20km~2,and the rest is not significant;the grassland is mainly turned into arable land.The area of residents and industrial and mining land is3969.25 km~2 and 297.46 km~2.The transfer of water area is mainly based on the transfer to grassland,with an area of 236.77 km~2.The residents and industrial and mining lands have the least transfer rate,and the total transfer is only 27.78.km~2;unused land transferred to arable land,residents and industrial and mining land is2456.13km~2 and 344.48km~2.(3)In terms of comprehensive ecological sensitivity,the ratio of height to extremely sensitive area accounts for the largest proportion,which is more than half of the total area of the study area.Its area is 135622.5km~2 and 130087.75km~2,accounting for 27.32%and 26.21%of the total area of the study area.The areas of insensitive,slightly sensitive and moderately sensitive areas were 45123km~2,92569.75 km~2 and 92950 km~2,respectively accounting for 9.09%,18.65%and18.73%of the total area of the study area.According to the distribution of comprehensive sensitivity,the extremely sensitive areas are mainly distributed in the Turpan Basin and the Hami region.The area is sensitive to both soil salinization and desertification.The highly sensitive and moderately sensitive areas are mainly distributed in the Tarim Basin.The northern and western regions are the northwestern margins of the Taklamakan Desert.Because the area is located on the edge of the desert,it is vulnerable to windy sand and moving sand dunes.The scarcity of vegetation,frequent wind and sand,poor land,and unreasonable use of water resources make soil erosion and desertification in the area.Soil salinization and biodiversity have some sensitive characteristics.Therefore,when comprehensively assessing the degree of ecological environmental sensitivity in the area,it is highly sensitive and moderately sensitive;most of the light and insensitive areas are located north of the Tianshan Mountains.The current climate conditions and ecological environment in the region have certain advantages over other regions,with good precipitation,good vegetation coverage,good land and water resources,and ecological environmental problems are not particularly prominent.However,it is still necessary to strengthen the governance and supervision of the ecological environment in the region.