A Study On The Landscape Of Chang's Manor And House Under The Influence Of Shanxi Merchant Culture

In the history of our country,there have been many private gardens in the north and south.Private gardens are closely related to people's daily life and are an important type of gardens.They are mostly owned by financial officials,literati and businessmen.They are the places where their owners live and visit.Affected by the construction site,they can reflect the folk culture of different regions more profoundly.In Shanxi,during the brilliant Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties,Shanxi businessmen had the ability to build their own private houses because of their financial resources.Therefore,there are more than 1000 existing courtyard dwellings.Because of the concentration of Shanxi businessmen in "Qi,Tai and Ping"(Jinzhong)areas,the luxury houses and courtyards built are mostly concentrated in this area.This paper mainly takes the Chang's manor garden in Jinzhong area in the Qing Dynasty as the research object,combines the background of the times and the development background of the gardens in Jinzhong area,through the analysis and research of the Chang's manor garden,discusses its construction methods.Chang's Manor is the place where its owner works and lives.Shanxi merchant culture infiltrates into the life and living of the inhabitants from all aspects,and the two influence each other.Therefore,before studying Chang's Manor,we should analyze Shanxi merchant culture and Chang's family culture,and analyze their influence on gardens.The paper consists of six chapters,which are elaborated from the following aspects:Firstly,it explains the research background,clarifies the research purpose and significance,analyses and summarizes the current research situation of Shanxi merchant gardens and Chang's manor gardens,and determines the research content,methods and research framework;secondly,the third chapter clarifies that the external factors affecting the construction of Shanxi merchant gardens are loose economic policy and relaxation of the restrictions on Han nationality residences in Qing Dynasty.To sort out the Shanxi merchant culture and Chang's family culture: Chang's is a member of Shanxi merchant culture,influenced by Shanxi merchant culture,but each Shanxi merchant will not be exactly the same.Therefore,Chang's family culture is based on Shanxi merchant culture,and has its own extension.It is based on Confucianism,and combines the "righteousness" of "Confucianism" culture with the "benefit" of merchants,forming the "righteousness and benefit" of both.Business values,"group spirit","innovative thinking" coexist with "reclusive culture" returning to nature.These thoughts and cultures directly affect the construction of Chang's homestead garden.The fourth and fifth chapters analyze and introduce the current situation and main garden landscape of Chang's manor,and analyze and study the embodiment of Shanxi merchant culture and Chang's family culture in the garden part of the manor.Chapter 6 summarizes the whole paper,and puts forward that the gardening techniques under the influence of Shanxi merchant culture can be used for reference in modern urban landscape design of Shanxi,for example taking "Shanxi merchant culture" as the theme of landscape design.Shanxi merchant culture is formed by Shanxi merchants in their business process.As a typical Shanxi merchant,Chang's house was built under the influence of this culture.As a type of Shanxi merchants' courtyard,it has not only the common characteristics of Shanxi merchants' courtyard,but also its own characteristics-part of Chang's manor garden is larger than other Shanxi merchants' private gardens.It consists of one main garden and four small gardens,four small gardens arch the main garden,which fully reflects the spirit of patriarchal etiquette.Therefore,the study of Chang's Manor Garden can enrich the diversity of classical private gardens in Shanxi Merchants' Courtyard,and its gardening methods have certain enlightenment for creating local characteristics of the city.