Antenna Design For UAV Applications

Unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)has made tremendous progress in both amateur and professional fields.It has become a research hotspot in the fields of international scientific research,remote sensing,aerospace,environmental or agricultural monitoring,cargo transportation,search and rescue and military applications.Because of the multifunction of UAV,UAV needs various components of surveillance and communication equipment.Therefore,a large number of antennas for navigation,communication,radar and other applications should be integrated into the UAV fuselage.In order to achieve these applications successfully,reduce the number of antennas used and reduce the weight of aircraft,antennas need to cover multiple frequency bands at the same time,and should also have the characteristics of miniaturization and low profile to meet the aerodynamic requirements.In this paper,two kinds of antennas are developed for the purpose of miniaturization,low profile and wide bandwidth of UAV antenna.The first one is the top-loaded sleeve antenna applied to UAV.By loading the sleeve monopole antenna on the top,the height of the antenna can be effectively reduced.Compared with the quarter-wavelength height of the traditional monopole antenna,the final height is only enough to meet the requirements of UAV.The requirement of low profile antenna.The impedance matching of the antenna can be improved by adjusting the radius of the upper and lower surface of the disk cone and changing the angle of the inclination angle.The angle of the inclination angle is set to840-1600 MHz.Finally,the working frequency band of this design is 840-1600 MHz,and a wider bandwidth is achieved.The design realizes the characteristics of low profile,miniaturization and broadband,and meets the requirement of omnidirectionality of airborne antenna.The second one is the slot antenna design installed on the UAV tail wing.It excites the band needed by the antenna by opening a slot on the ground.The feed structure of the antenna is in the closed slot.The impedance matching of the required band is enhanced by introducing the load of inductance and capacitance components.The final working band range is 0.69-2.79 GHz,which can cover LTE700(700 MHz),GPS L1(1575 MHz),and GSM850(850 MHz),GSM900(900 MHz),GSM1800(1710-1880 MHz),GSM1900(1850-1990MHz),UMTS(1920-2170 MHz),LTE2300(2300-2400 MHz),LTE2500(2500-2690MHz),2400 MHz ISM(2400-2485 MHz)and other frequency bands can make UAV meet the needs of more applications.