Study On The Acoustic Environment Of Urban Community Square Based On Element Analysis

Community square is an important space carrier for residents' leisure and entertainment activities,and its acoustic environment affects physical and mental health,which is a problem for city management.This article explores the influence of urban morphological elements on the square acoustic environment,square space elements on the surrounding acoustic environment,and internal activity elements on the square acoustic environment.The purpose is to create a suitable square space to meet the activity requirements while reducing noise interference and improving acoustic comfort.The influence law of urban morphological elements on square acoustic environment:Three vital urban morphological elements were selected from the 108 census squares in Dalian,including the level of adjacent roads,location relationship with residential areas and the square area.A total of 488 valid questionnaires were obtained through subjective and objective investigation of the acoustic environment of 9 typical squares.The studies have shown that there are generally significant differences in the sound pressure levels of squares within the urban morphological element group,and there is no significant difference only between the edge of the settlement and the outside of the settlement.The square sound pressure level during the aerobics dance activities is bigger compared with the folk dance activities.Generally speaking,the sound pressure level and acoustic comfort are negatively related.But the square presents a positive correlation when it comes to folk dance activities,which is next to the main road,or inside the settlement.In addition,the square with high acoustic comfort include those close to secondary arterial roads or branch roads,or those located in residential areas with fewer active people,as well as nearby the expressway,or on the edge of the residential area,and with a large number of people.The influence law of square space elements on the surrounding acoustic environment:Taking 9 typical squares as an example,performing noise simulation analysis on the square and surrounding environment based on CadnaA software.The studies have shown that squares with high noise and low building enclosures have a greater interference with the surrounding area within 50 m,while Squares with low noise and high building enclosing have greater interference to the surrounding area within 30 m in the horizontal direction.Theexternal sound pressure level of the first row of buildings around the square is 55-75 dB,which sound environment is poor and affects the living comfort.The square activity mainly interferes with the rooms below 6-10 floors of the first row of buildings without considering the sound insulation of green plants,signboards and other facilities.Furthermore,It will increase the interference to the building facade noise when the traffic noise is large,or the distance between the building and the square is small.The influence law of internal activity elements on the square acoustic environment:Taking a typical square as an example,we conducted subjective and objective investigations on the sound environment of the square and received 254 questionnaires When conducting three kinds of activities(freedom,brisk walking and square dance).The studies have shown that the number and scope of sound-related activities have a positive effect on the square sound pressure level.The sound comfort level during free activities and square dance activities is higher,but the sound comfort level during brisk activities is lower.Generally speaking,the acoustic comfort and the sound pressure level are negatively correlated,and the slopes of the brisk walking and square activity areas with high activity participation are similar.However,the acoustic comfort and the sound pressure level of the corridor and the stepped area with low participation are positively correlated during the square dance.In addition,the perception of the sound quality of the speaker has a significant aggregation during the square dance activity,there is a significant high-low aggregation of the sound in the dominant area of a certain speaker,and there is a significant low-high aggregation in the dominant area of other speakers.The strategy for optimizing the sound environment of the community square is further proposed based on the above conclusions,which is planning and construction of reasonable site selection,square sound insulation and noise reduction measures and square activity management measures.The research has great significance to reduce noise interference,reduce social conflicts,and build a harmonious society.