| Transparent envelope structure always has the problem of large heat loss in winter and difficult heat insulation in summer,but it is also an important way for buildings to directly receive solar radiation.This paper analyzes the influence of the characteristics of solar radiation in different seasons of typical cities to the passive solar energy utilization of the building with different climatic characteristics in cold regions based on the climate background of cold regions.The design strategy of the building transparent envelope structure that uses the passive solar energy utilization to balance the climatic characteristics is obtained,so that the building can actively use the passive solar energy from the two sides of passive solar energy "winter use" and "summer defense" for passive solar energy utilization.Based on the theoretical basis,this paper firstly analyzes the climate characteristics and the solar resources of cold area obtaining the influence factors of buildings design in this area.The passive utilization targets of heating and cooling are determined through the analysis of the suitability of passive utilization.Moreover,the transparent envelope structure are studied at the theoretical level to analyzes and compare the thermal and optical properties of the glass materials.Secondly,this paper research on public buildings and residential buildings in five cities of Beijing,Xi’an,Taiyuan,Zhengzhou and Jinan,by collecting the design results of transparent envelope structure of different types of buildings,comparing the design basis of different types of buildings,obtaining the orientation characteristics and the ratio of window to wall even the passive solar energy utilization of different types of buildings.This paper also proposes a passive solar heating and passive solar cooling technology strategy for buildings in cold regions.According to the solar radiation theory and the example building of Xi’an,the solar radiation of the transparent envelope structure is theoretically calculated,and the conclusions of the season,orientation,time and the influence of the glass material on the heat of the solar radiation are analyzed.Finally,based on the building thermal zoning,referring to the passive solar building design zoning and solar resource parameters,the paper proposes the passive utilization design zoning of urban in cold area and the design strategy of balance the passive solar heating utilization in winter and the reasonable prevention and control of summer solar radiation.The strategy suggests that the area represented by Lhasa only considers passive use in winter;the area represented by Beijing suggests a summer impact;the area recommended by Xi’an suggests that summer adverse effects must be considered.By using EnergyPlus software to simulate the different residential and public buildings of different glass types in three typical cities,the passive solar heat gain,the total energy consumption during the building heating period and the total energy consumption value during the cooling period are compared to verify the buildings in the cold area.It is verified the energy-saving effect and practical significance of the design strategy that weigh the need for solar radiation utilization in winter and summer. |
