Route And Speed Optimization For Liner Ships Under Emission Control Policies

With the continuous acceleration of the globalization of manufacturing and the rapid growth of trade,maritime transport has become an important pillar of international economic trade.According to the report of the 2015 international maritime conference,almost 90% of the trade is conducted by means of maritime transportation.The volume of global container shipping trade is increasing every year,which plays a very important role in international trade and shipping industry.With the increasing attention to "green shipping",the pollution caused by the shipping industry has also attracted much attention.In recent years,SOx,NOx,particulate matter and other pollution problems brought by the development of the shipping industry cannot be underestimated,among which the sulfur emissions from ship exhaust have a very bad impact on the natural environment,which has been proved to pose a serious threat to health and the environment.In order to Control pollution from ships,the International Maritime Organization(IMO)has developed a special Emission Control Area(ECA)to limit emissions from ships.All ships,including containers,need to use expensive low-sulfur oil in the ECA.And fuel costs in the shipping total cost accounts for more than 50%,so the use of low sulfur oil will increase the ship's fuel costs,which makes all the ship operators have to rethink scheme of navigation of ships,also,with the development of international maritime trade,liner shipping companies need to seek a reasonable operation scheme,for under the emission control policies can still maintain its core competitiveness,in an effort to meet the requirements of limit emissions control area.The main factors that affect the fuel cost are sailing speed and distance,and the time of arrival is also strictly limited.So based on this,this paper first proposes a arrival time limitation liner routes and speed optimization of multi-objective mixed integer linear programming model,considering to minimize the total cost and sulfur dioxide emissions,fuel optimization of ship course and speed,both inside and outside the ECA the optimization of course refers to two navigation scheme selection optimization between the two ports,namely two route choice between the two ports.And reference in the valley of shipping group co.,LTD.,a ship routes in China as the instance analysis,we design a new algorithm,through two-stage iterative heuristic algorithm based on ?-constraint and fuzzy logical method to solve the model.Secondly,the above model and algorithm are used to determine the reasonable navigation scheme under the three conditions of different fuel price,decision maker and ECA boundary,to determine the reasonable navigation scheme under various circumstances,and to evaluate ECA's impact on shipping and environment.Finally,this paper extends the model,further analyzes the shipping optimization results of container liner that considers both sea transport and land transport,and puts forward a model to optimize the route and speed of container liner with the lowest total emissions by combining a transfer function of sea transport and land transport.The research results show that the optimization model proposed in this paper can save cost for operators,and at the same time,it also shows that ECA regulations may bring a series of impacts on ship navigation,such as the substantial increase in fuel cost of container liner.Optimized display container liner in a long but ECA will choose flight distance shorter routes,in order to reduce the fuel consumption in ECA,can under the ECA policy effective to save fuel costs and maximize reduce sulfur dioxide emissions,container liner sailing at the speed of as low as possible in the ECA in ECA speed sailing to the port city of time window;Then,this model and algorithm take into account the influence of the decision-maker's subjectivity on the two objective functions.When the decision-maker has a decision preference in the two objectives,different Pareto optimal solutions can be provided to verify the effectiveness and practicability of the model and algorithm.Secondly,by changing the boundary of ECA,this paper verifies the effectiveness and practicability of ECA boundary division,and provides a basis and reference for countries to formulate ECA policies.Finally,according to the result of model development,according to the definition of transfer function with compatibility,can set different parameters is obtained under different situation,for can either by sea and land transport of goods in this way can reduce emissions by a lot of,in addition,through the analysis of emission show that sulphur restrictions can actually reduce cruise in the ECA sulfur emissions.In this paper,the route and speed optimization model established in the emission control area is reasonable and effective,and the designed algorithm can also efficiently solve the model.It can provide relevant reference for container liner companies to replan cruise ship navigation scheme under the restriction of ECA,provide feasible basis for the in-depth study of shipping optimization under the restriction of ECA,provide theoretical support for ECA boundary division,and provide basis and reference for countries to formulate ECA policies.In this paper,the results can not only for the enterprise,the state provides the optimal speed reference,routes and ECA boundaries,may also apply ECA region of the world will be divided into other,if the future want to perform more strict limit of sulfur standards,it is necessary to redesign the ECA boundary,also can be reference to establish the optimization model and algorithm in this paper.