Research On Optimization Of Multi-temperature Zone Cold Chain Logistics Distribution Route Based On Electric Vehicles

With the improvement of national living standards,people have higher and more diverse requirements for food quality.In the field of fresh food distribution,traditional distribution usually uses fuel vehicles for cold chain distribution,but carbon dioxide generated by fuel combustion and harmful gases generated by incomplete combustion will increase the burden on the environment,and the refrigeration transportation of fresh products will also consume more Energy.Compared with fuel-powered vehicles,electric vehicles use electrical energy as the power source and are more friendly to the environment and social resources.Therefore,the application of electric vehicles in the field of cold chain logistics distribution is the future development trend of cold chain distribution.In addition,the diversification of customer needs makes the products needed by customers need to be transported under different temperature conditions,and the mutual pollution between products needs to be avoided.The use of electric vehicles with compartments provides a multi-temperature zone cold chain logistics distribution.New ideas.The resulting problem is how to scientifically and rationally design vehicle scheduling schemes.Therefore,this paper studies the optimization of cold chain logistics distribution with electric vehicles with compartments.The main research work is as follows:(1)Based on the research of the traditional vehicle routing problem,combined with the needs of multi-temperature cold chain logistics distribution,considering the technical characteristics of electric vehicles,trying to apply electric vehicles with compartments to the multi-temperature cold chain logistics distribution field,And analyzed its feasibility and necessity.Based on the abstraction and hypothesis of actual demand,this paper firstly proposes a multi-temperature zone cold chain logistics distribution route optimization problem based on electric vehicles(EVRP-MTZ).In this problem,not only the conditions of multiple models,multiple temperature zones,hard time windows,allowable charging by social charging stations,and linear correlation of power consumption per unit mileage and vehicle weight are considered,but also the correspondence between compartment and temperature zone is not fixed Under the constraints of unit cooling power consumption,a mathematical model was finally established with the goal of lowest total cost.(2)A hybrid ant colony algorithm is designed to solve the EVRP-MTZ problem.The traditional ant colony algorithm is improved,considering the influence of the time window factor on the algorithm,a time window matching factor is added to the transfer rule,and a new pheromone update strategy adapted to the EVRP-MTZ problem is designed.In order to improve the search ability of the algorithm,six local optimization strategies of Relocate,Reverse,Exchange,Time Greedy,Worst-Customer and 2-opt are designed.(3)The improved Solomon example set is used to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.The experimental results show that: first,the 2-opt charging pile insertion operator has a more obvious effect on the improvement of the solution,and a hybrid ant colony algorithm with a local optimization strategy Is better than pure ACO;secondly,compared with the cold chain distribution of fuel vehicles,the electric vehicle distribution model can save about 8% of the distribution cost,which is a clean and efficient distribution method;finally,compared with no The compartmented vehicles are used for cold chain logistics distribution.The use of compartmented vehicles for distribution can save an average of 61.90% of costs and 67.74% of driving distance,while also greatly reducing vehicle usage.There are 18 pictures,19 tables,and 76 references in the paper.