Research On Power Consumption Characteristics And Demand Response Potential Of Controllable Load In Intelligent Buildings

With the development of advanced control technology and the improvement of the degree of intelligence of electrical equipment,smart buildings as a demand-side controllable resource to participate in the research of the friendly interaction of the power grid have received widespread attention from all walks of life.In order to dig deeper into the schedulable potential of building systems,this paper starts with the analysis of the potential correlation between residential electricity characteristics and living habits,and establishes a time-domain probability model of residential building electrical equipment.Then based on the residents’ electricity consumption habits,a short-term optimal scheduling model of building controllable loads is constructed with the constraints of the interruptible load rebound effect and the residents’ electricity consumption comfort as constraints.Finally,a preventive control model for power system voltage stability with aggregated and controllable load is proposed,and the preventive control model is compared with the traditional model.The main contents of this paper are as follows:(1)The probability model of the electrical characteristics of residential building electrical equipment is established.Based on the functional attributes and operation modes of different electrical equipment,residential building electrical equipment is divided into three types.The first type is a continuous variable state type mainly based on air conditioning load.It analyzes the correlation between the use habits of building residents’ air conditioning equipment and the indoor temperature and the spatial location of residents at different times,and established a logistic regression model of the probability of turning on the air conditioner at different temperatures for three age groups.The second type is a fixed running time type represented by a washing machine and a dishwasher.The Gaussian kernel density estimation method is used to construct a time-domain probability distribution model of the opening time of the second type of electrical equipment.The third category is based on indoor lamps and televisions,which artificially decide the duration type,apply data-driven thinking,and establish its interval distribution probability model based on historical electricity data.(2)A short-term optimal scheduling model of intelligent building system considering energy storage and controllable load is designed.Based on the goal of deeply digging the source-charge interaction potential,a distributed dynamic reconfigurable battery network architecture building energy storage system topology is proposed to improve the flexible scheduling capability of the intelligent building energy storage system.Based on the power consumption characteristics of the controllable load of the building,the rebound value of the air conditioning load and the comfort of the residents’ electricity are used as constraints to construct a schedulable margin indicator within the range of the controllable load of the building.On this basis,considering the safe and reliable operation of the distribution network and the actual schedulable margin of the building system within the interval,a short-term optimal scheduling model was established with the minimum function of the building system scheduling cost as the objective function.The improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve and simulate the proposed model on the IEEE14 node distribution system.The simulation results show that the proposed scheduling model can effectively improve the consumption capacity of new energy and reduce the power fluctuation of the building electricity load.(3)A voltage stability prevention control strategy in power system with aggregated controllable loads is proposed.Controllable loads are divided into thermostatically controlled loads(TCL),deferrable loads(DL),and plug-in electrical vehicle loads(PEV).According to the operating characteristics of these three types of loads,an aggregate model of controllable load is established,and the upper and lower boundaries of the feasible region for the aggregated controllable load(ACL)to participate in voltage stability prevention control are solved.In the traditional voltage stability constrained optimal power flow(VSC-OPF)preventive control model,the aggregate controllable load is added as the third layer control strategy of VSC-OPF,constructed a voltage prevention control model with four control stages.The reliability and superiority of the model are verified in a 220 kV simplified Guangzhou Power Grid model.