Analysys Of Perforation Leakage Characteristics And Vulnerability Of Manned Spacecraft Caused By Impact

With the rapid development of aerospace technology,a large number of spacecraft are launched into space,and the increase in space debris has made the space environment increasingly severe,which has seriously affected the safety and reliability of the spacecraft in orbit.Due to the large exposed are a and long flight time in orbit,the manned spacecraft has greatly increased the risk of space debris impact.Even under the premise of protective design,severe impact events will cause damage to the spacecraft components and even cause system-level Failure and astronaut casualties,which in turn affect missions and missions in orbit.Astronauts need to stay in the manned space station system in orbit for a long time to carry out scientific research tasks such as space exploration under microgravity.Astronauts' functional status directly affects operational performance and flight safety.my country's analysis of astronauts' functional status is still in its infancy,and there are a lot of gaps in astronaut vulnerability analysis.Astronaut casualties caused by leaks in manned spacecraft sealed cabins are one of the most important reasons for astronaut failure.Therefore,it is very necessary to carry out research on the astronaut's pressure loss and hypoxia failure modes under the condition of perforation leakage in the sealed cabin.In view of the above problems,in order to accurately analyze the vulner-ability of astronauts,this paper establishes a more accurate model of the cabin environmental parameters with a wider range of applicable conditions.Due to factors such as the special external environment and the huge volume of the cabin,the ground experiment is difficult due to gas leakage in the sealed cabin.In this paper,CFD technology is used to analyze the shape of the leak holes and the distribution of leak holes that may be formed when the debris cloud strikes the sealed cabin.The analysis of the changes in environmental parameters(leak rate,gas mass flow,and pressure in the cabin)after pressure relief is carried out,and the different cabins The law of pressure changes in the cabin at the location.Based on the theoretical formulas andthe changing rules,a model of environmental parameters in the cabin is established to provide data support for the vulnerability analysis of astronauts and manned spacecraft.The established cabin environmental parameter model is used to analyze the vulnerability of astronauts.Starting from the several types of hazards that the astronauts may suffer from decompression in the cabin,the astronaut vulnerability classification is carried out,and the astronaut vulnerability analysis is carried out according to the classification and the environmental parameter model.Comprehensively consider the redundant equipment of the life support environmental control system in the manned spacecraft-emergency gas supplement equipment,analyze the escape time required by the astronauts when the gas supplement equipment is not in operation,and the maximum controllable leak hole diameter.Analyze the gas supply mode and gas supply rate under the working state of the equipment.Carry on the study of the jet reaction force caused by the gas leakage of the sealed cabin to the disturbance of the cabin attitude.Establish the attitude kinematics,dynamics model and aerodynamic and aerodynamic moment models of the sealed cabin,comprehensively consider the attitude control system in the sealed cabin,and use MATLAB to carry out numerical simulation calculations in combination with examples to analyze the attitude angle and angular velocity response of the jet reaction force to the sealed cabin And re sponse laws.The results show that the jet reaction force caused by the lekage of the perforation of the sealed cabin will not affect the attitude of the sealed cabin.