Research On The Impact Of Hangzhou-huangshan Rail On The Spatial Structure Evolution Of Tourist Flow In Huangshan City

Tourist flow is one of the cores of tourism geography research.The study of spatial structure of tourist flow is an important part of tourist flow research.Safe,convenient and comfortable transportation is the foundation and precondition for tourism development.As a major advancement in China 's transportation technology in recent years,High-speed Rail(HSR)are having an important impact on tourists' travel methods,destination choices,tourism consumption behavior and so on.It has greatly promoted the development of regional tourism and the evolution of tourism spatial patterns,and exploring the impact of HSR construction on the spatial structure of regional tourism has important theoretical and practical significance.Huangshan City is a famous tourist city in China,with rich tourism resources.A large number of tourists come here every year to play,forming a certain spatial structure of the tourist destination in the long-term development process.In recent years,with the construction of major transportation projects such as the Beijing-Fuzhou HSR and Hangzhou-Huangshan HSR,the external traffic accessibility has been further improved,and it has an important impact on the regional tourism spatial structure.It is important to point out that the Hangzhou-Huangshan HSR,which opened on December 25,2018,connects the cities of Hangzhou and Huangshan,two well-known tourist cities,reducing travel time between the two cities to within 1.5 hours.At the same time,the Hangzhou-Huangshan HSR connects 3 world heritage sites including the World Cultural Heritage West Lake,the World Cultural and Natural Heritage Huangshan Scenic Area,the World Cultural Heritage Anhui Ancient Village Xidi-Hongcun,and seven 5A-level tourist attractions,such as West Lake,Xixi National Wetland Park,Qiandao Lake and Huangshan Scenic Area,Xidi-Hongcun,Ancient Huizhou Cultural Tourist Zone,Longchuan Scenic Area,and more than fifity 4A tourist attractions,which are truly "world-class golden tourist routes".The opening of the Hangzhou-Huangshan HSR is conducive to the integrated development of tourism in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration and the joint construction of world-renowned tourist destinations;it is conducive to the integration of Huangshan City into the Hangzhou metropolitan area and the integration and high-quality development of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration.Taking Huangshan City as a case study,the impact ofHangzhou-Huangshan HSR on the spatial structure of tourist flow in Huangshan City is representative.It can enrich the research on the impact of HSR on regional tourism development and provide a certain new basis for tourism development in Huangshan City.Based on this,this article took the opening of the Hangzhou-Huangshan HSR as an opportunity and took Huangshan city as a case study.Based on the summary of domestic and foreign tourist flow studies and the research on the impact of HSR on tourism,through two questionnaire surveys before and after the opening of the Hangzhou-Huangshan HSR,the field survey data of the tourist source and the spatial behavior of tourists in Huangshan City during two periods were obtained,using comparative research methods,quantitative statistical analysis,GIS spatial analysis,social network analysis and other methods,comprehensively using Ucinet,Arc GIS,SPSS,Excel and other software,from the three aspects of the tourist market structure of Huangshan City,the spatial structure of regional tourist flow and the spatial structure of the tourist flow in the city,the impact of the opening of the Hangzhou-Huangshan HSR on the evolution of the spatial structure of tourist flow in Huangshan City was studied.Through research,the following main conclusions are obtained:(1)Before and after the opening of the Hangzhou-Huangshan HSR,tourists in Huangshan City chose sightseeing and leisure vacation as their main purpose.They chose non-travel agencies to organize self-guided tours and chose HSR as their main mode of transportation to and from Huangshan City.The proportion of tourists who come to Huangshan City for the first time is relatively high,and the travel cost is concentrated at2000-3000 yuan.After the opening of the Hangzhou-Huangshan HSR,the proportion of tourists visiting Huangshan City for the first time decreased,the revisit rate increased,and the overall stay time of tourists was shortened,and they were more inclined to travel to Huangshan City on weekends and small vacations.Before and after the opening of the Hangzhou-Huangshan HSR,Huangshan's main source markets are concentrated in the Yangtze River Delta region,including Anhui Province.After the opening of the Hangzhou-Huanghuang HSR,the proportion of tourists in Shanghai and Zhejiang has increased significantly,especially in Shanghai,which has increased by up to two times,further consolidating and enhancing the status of the Yangtze River Delta as the main source market for Huangshan City.Before the opening of the Hangzhou-Huangshan HSR,the domestic tourist source market in Huangshan City was mainly concentrated within 0 and400 km from Huangshan City,and 80% of the market share of tourists was concentrated within 0 and 1130 km from Huangshan City.After the opening of the Hangzhou-Huangshan HSR,the market share in the range from 0 to 400 km increased,80% of the source marketshare was concentrated in the range from 0 to 880 km,and the market share of medium-range and short-range visitors in Huangshan City further increased.(2)Before and after the opening of the Hangzhou-Huangshan HSR,the regional tourist flow network of Huangshan City was clearly layered.The spatial structure of regional tourist flow in Huangshan City presents a "single-core-peripheral" structure with huangshan City as the "single-core",and the spatial structure of regional tourist flow in Huangshan City presents the "plate-like" characteristics of "Yangtze River Delta City-Huangshan ".After the opening of the Hangzhou-Huangshan HSR,the "Yangtze River Delta City-Huangshan" was further strengthened.Before and after the opening of the Hangzhou-Huangshan HSR,Huangshan City is the only tourism core node in the regional tourist flow network.The secondary tourism center nodes have changed slightly.After the opening of the Hangzhou-Huangshan HSR Hangzhou-Huangshan HSR,Hangzhou City is the only secondary tourism core and transportation core node in the network.Hefei City and Tongling City are still transit nodes.(3)Before and after the opening of the Hangzhou-Huangshan HSR,the density difference between the core area and the edge area of the Huangshan City tourist flow network is large,the network is obviously layered,and the core-edge structure is significant.The core nodes such as Hongcun,Huangshan Scenic Area,Tunxi Old Street and Xidi are closely connected.More tourist nodes in the network need to be connected through the core nodes,and the tourist flow network is uneven.General tourist nodes and edge tourist nodes are greatly affected by the geographic distance from the core scenic spots,and tourist nodes that are close to each other are more likely to be visited together.Before and after the opening of the Hangzhou-Huangshan HSR,Hongcun,Huangshan Scenic Area,Tunxi Old Street and Xidi all had higher status in the network.After the opening of the Hangzhou-Huangshan HSR,Tunxi Old Street's status in the network has increased,surpassing the Huangshan Scenic Area,and Xidi's status in the network has declined.The status of tourist nodes such as the Jadeite Valley and Jiulong Waterfall has increased.