Research On Evacuation Channel Optimization Of Large-scale Shopping Centers Based On BIM Technology

With the rapid development of urbanization in China,there have been many large shopping malls closely related to people's lives.The shape of the overall building structure of large shopping malls is irregular,the arrangement of internal store shelves is complicated,and the whole is almost completely closed.When an emergency occurs,due to the large volume of the building,the trapped people are not familiar with the building evacuation channel,and there is a general lack of escape training and escape skills.As a result,the efficiency of personnel evacuation is greatly reduced,and it is easy to threaten people's lives.In order to solve the above problems,this paper takes a large shopping mall as an example,through the two aspects of emergency exit and evacuation stairs to re select the evacuation channel design of the model,further reducing the time required for personnel evacuation.Firstly,the 3D model of the large-scale shopping mall is built by Revit software,and the parameters are improved.Then,the behavior model of the shopping mall is built in Pathfinder software,and the influence of the exit and the evacuation stairs on the evacuation time is simulated and analyzed.Finally,the evacuation channel of the basic model of the large-scale shopping mall is optimized,and the simulation analysis is carried out evidence.By comparing the simulation results before and after the evacuation channel optimization of large shopping malls,the following conclusions are drawn: 1.Based on the consistent total width of the exits,the number of exits has little impact on the evacuation efficiency;when the number of exits is unchanged,the relative average setting of exits is more conducive to the safe evacuation of people;2 Under the condition that the total width of the evacuation stairs is constant,increasing the number of stairs will reduce the evacuation efficiency of a single staircase,which is not conducive to the safe evacuation of people;3.Through the optimization simulation of the evacuation channel of the large-scale shopping mall foundation model,it is concluded that when the location of the emergency exit is more evenly distributed,and the utilization rate of the single evacuation stairs is increased,the overall evacuation time can be greatly reduced.