| Since modern times in China,while the rural areas of Meizhou have undergone tremendous changes in politics,economy,culture,and society,the modern and contemporary evolution of the spatial pattern of their rural settlements has distinct regional characteristics.In the course of modern and contemporary evolution,the rural settlements of Meizhou generally preserved the construction areas formed in multiple development periods relatively completely,and the settlement space is embodied as the coexistence of diachronic historical traces.At the same time,various problems in the urbanization process of the rural settlements in Meizhou have become increasingly prominent,such as the intense population loss and aging population,single industrial structure,slow urbanization process,low land utilization rate and many other issues.In the context of the “new urbanization” era of sustainable development which the country advocates,research on the evolution of traditional rural settlement patterns in Meizhou is extremely urgent.Baihou Town in Dapu County is a famous historical and cultural town in China.It formed a typical Hakka settlement in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,and its rich economic,cultural,and historical resources have been the focus of many scholars in humanities.Therefore,this thesis chooses Baihou Town as a typical representative of the modern and contemporary evolution of traditional villages in the Hakka area of Meizhou.Its rich diachronic data also provides a convenient condition for author to have huge insight into the modern and contemporary evolution of traditional rural settlement patterns in the Meizhou region from the perspective of individual case.According to the chronological order,the evolution of various development stages of Baihou settlement patterns were sorted out.First of all,before focusing on the specific analysis of the settlement patterns’ evolution,it summarizes the factors related to the settlement patterns’ evolution in the political,economic,cultural and other social backgrounds at various stages,and secondly analyzes the evolution process and characteristics of the settlement pattern from the macro,meso,and micro levels.At the macro level,it pays attention to the settlement on the ecological pattern,settlement scale and composition structure of land use;at the meso level,it concentrates on the street texture of settlements and the distribution of various public spaces;at the micro level,it focus on the changes of architectural form in the settlement,mainly on the residential building.The content of this article is divided into four parts.On the basis of literature research and theoretical review,the first part is an introduction that summarizes the research methodsof domestic and foreign rural settlement patterns’ evolution,selects Baihou Village as the research object because of its rich diachronic data to build a research framework based on a case study.The second part is the second chapter,which mainly introduces the initial pattern of the settlement formed in the Ming and Qing Dynasties before the modern evolution of the settlement pattern in Baihou Town.The third part is Chapters 3 to 6,taking the Baihou settlement pattern in the Ming and Qing Dynasties as the starting point,and dividing its evolution process into four stages: the period of the Republic of China,the early period of the founding of the People’s Republic of China(1949-1978),and the initial stage of the reform and opening up(1978-1992),the period of rapid urbanization(1992-present).The last part is summary and outlook based on the typical case of Baihou Town’s evolution.Combined with the investigation,it summarizes the common law of the modern and contemporary evolution of the rural settlement patterns in Meizhou and reflects the problems existing in the development process of the rural settlement in Meizhou,and puts forward suggestions for reference on the future development of rural settlement. |
