Research On The Differential Toll Scheme Of Expressway Freight Vehicles

In recent years,the traffic volume of expressways has gradually increased,and the traffic volume of some sections of expressways during peak hours has been nearly saturated,which is prone to congestion.Simply expanding or constructing a new highway cannot fundamentally solve the problems of low service levels and traffic congestion.The thesis proposes to adopt differentiated charging measures for expressway freight vehicles in order to alleviate the problem of expressway traffic congestion.Based on the economic mechanism of differentiated tolls,the paper analyzes the relationship between travel choices of travellers and toll standards;constructs a predictive model for the transfer rate of freight vehicles with differentiated tolls and a predictive model for the occupancy rate of each trip state when stable;Investigation and analysis of factors affecting truck travel and truck travel intention;determine different differentiated charging schemes.Construct a homogeneous Markov prediction model based on the improvement of dynamic traffic flow,use this model to predict the trip transfer rate of freight vehicles after implementing differentiated tolls,and use the Markov market share prediction model to predict each trip when the system is stable State occupancy is predicted.The dissertation adopts an intention survey method combining pre-questionnaire surveys and formal surveys to investigate truck travel choices.The survey data is used as the basis for the state transition prediction of truck travel choices.At the same time,the price elasticity coefficient is introduced,and the influential factors are calculated elastically,so as to further improve the survey questionnaire and conduct formal investigations.The survey found that the age,gender,and other factors of the driver of the freight vehicle have a small impact on travel choices;the cargo and cargo attributes such as the type of cargo carried by the freight vehicle,the total weight,and time and economic requirements have a greater impact on the choice of continuous travel by the freight vehicle.This paper uses the break-even analysis method based on highway freight vehicle toll data to make decisions on different differentiated toll schemes.Take the toll revenue that does not implement differentiated tolls as a balance point and compare and analyze the toll revenue of expressway operating units after the implementation of differentiated tolls.If the latter is greater than the former,it is profitable,otherwise it is loss.Through the break-even point method,the different differentiated charging schemes are compared and selected,and the optimal differentiated charging scheme is selected.The thesis further perfects the theory of differentiated charging,and provides new ideas for the determination of differentiated charging schemes from the aspect of research methods.Differentiated tolling can not only reduce social logistics transportation costs,induce traffic diversion,alleviate traffic congestion,but also increase highway toll revenue.At the same time,the study of differential tolling schemes can provide research methods for highway enterprise management departments to make decisions.