| With the rapid progress of urbanization and industrialization,great changes have taken place in the production and lifestyle of rural residents.The original spatial pattern of rural settlements has not adapted to the changing needs of people.The issue of the optimization and reconstruction of rural settlement spaces has also caused academic problems.The widespread concern of the community has become an important subject of settlement geography research.This article selects the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Zone as the research area.Based on the regional representation,it selects Guanghan City,Sichuan Province,and Jiangjin District,Chongqing City,which is completely different from each other,as cases to process and analyze their geospatial data and socioeconomic statistical data.To analyze and compare the differences in the spatial patterns of rural settlements,and use regression models and factor analysis to identify the main influencing factors of the differences.Then the basis for the evaluation of the suitability of rural settlements and the calculation of their potential In the above,the types of rural settlement reconstruction are scientifically divided,and corresponding spatial reconstruction strategies and optimization suggestions are proposed for different types.The conclusions obtained in this paper well reveal the differences in the characteristics of the inherent laws of rural settlement development in the plains and hilly areas of Chengdu and Chongqing,and clarify the degree,direction and spatial effects of key impact factors on the spatial pattern characteristics of rural settlements.Settlement proposed a strategy of differential reconstruction.The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:(1)The rural settlements in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Zone have significant spatial differentiation characteristics,and the rural settlements in the plains and the hilly mountains have significant regional differences.The specific manifestations are as follows:1)In terms of quantity and scale,the largest patch area and the average patch area difference in Guanghan rural settlements in the plain area are much higher than those in Jiangjin rural settlements in the hilly mountains.Reaching 297.01 m~2/person,the number and potential of settlements to renovate is greater.In addition,the rural settlements in Guanghan are mainly small settlements and medium-sized settlements.Locally there are significant low-value clustering distribution characteristics,and the overall layout is east-west low,middle-high spatial pattern.However,Jiangjin District lacks large settlements.Mainly,the high-value agglomeration characteristics are more prominent than the low-value agglomerations,and the overall characteristics are high in the north and low in the south.2)From the perspective of spatial distribution,the spatial distribution of rural settlements in Guanghan and Jiangjin settlements are more concentrated than in the random pattern;however,the rural settlements in Jiangjin are more concentrated than in Guanghan,and the average density of rural settlements is 2.3 times that of Guanghan.In addition,the rural settlements of Guanghan City in the plain area are generally characterized by the spatial characteristics of"scattered layout of large settlements and small agglomeration layout";while the rural settlements in the hilly mountains are generally characterized by the spatial characteristics of"large settlements agglomeration layout and small scattered layout".3)The landscape pattern of rural settlements in Guanghan City is more regular and simple than that in Jiangjin District.The shape of rural settlement patches is more complex,and the connectivity and stability of rural settlements are higher than in Jiangjin District.The rural settlements and the degree of patch fragmentation in Jiangjin District are much higher than in Guanghan City.(2)The characteristics of the spatial pattern of rural settlements are effect by both geospatial factors and socioeconomic factors.From the perspective of geospatial factors,the spatial pattern of rural settlements in Guanghan City is almost unlimited by the topographical conditions.However,factors such as cities,formed towns,main roads and rivers have a significant impact on the spatial pattern of rural settlements.Distance from the township>distance from the main road>distance from the river.The differences in the spatial pattern of rural settlements in Jiangjin District are particularly significant due to the negative effects of topography,formed towns,rivers,and traffic arteries.The overall ranking is:elevation>distance from town area>distance from traffic arterial>distance from river Spatially shows the trend of the central town,roads,and rivers.Perspective of socio-economic factors,the size of the rural population and agricultural production conditions in Guanghan City are the main factors affecting the scale of rural settlements,and their cumulative contribution has reached 36.823%.Secondly,the level of population urbanization and rural industrialization has an impact on the spatial distribution of rural settlements.The main factor is the cumulative contribution of 33.077%;the living standards of rural residents and the level of transportation network construction are the main factors affecting the rural settlements in Guanghan City,and the cumulative contribution is 26.911%.The difference of rural settlements scale is mainly determined in Jiangjin,by agricultural production conditions and the level of rural economic development with a cumulative contribution of 52.421%.The size of the rural population and the living standards of rural residents mainly affect the spatial distribution of the settlements and the cumulative contribution It is 31.936%;the urbanization of the population and the construction of the transportation network are the leading factors of the differences in the settlement patterns of Jiangjin,with a cumulative contribution of 19.19%.(3)The calculation of the comprehensive potential of rural settlement improvement and the evaluation of the suitability of land are the basis for the classification of rural settlements and the optimization of spatial reconstruction.Different types of rural settlements should adopt differentiated reconstruction optimization strategies.Based on the results of remediation potential and suitability evaluation,the study can divide into four types:rural development,key development,moderate construction,restricted expansion,and relocation.The corresponding spatial reconstruction strategies and optimization suggestions are as follows:1)The key development-type rural settlements within the scope of urban development should be clustered and optimized in accordance with the direction of urban community.Relying on the new rural communities,it will attract small settlements,scattered and disorderly or poor development conditions to gather them.2)Moderately constructed settlements appropriately invested in upgrading and improving supporting facilities.Renovating and optimizing the living environment of villages,and improving the countryside Residents'quality of life,constantly strengthen their influence and attractiveness to promoting moderate agglomeration and development.3)Restricted expansion settlements adopt a restricted expansion strategy,focusing on internal optimization and reconstruction or gradually restructuring to guide relocation in batches to promote natural decline.4)The strategy of migration of villages and merge sites should be adopted for settlements of different types.Due to the small scale and scattered layout of these settlements,in order to maintain the balance of the land ecosystem,the overall relocation carry out as soon as possible in accordance with the nearest principle,with emphasis on the use of demolition and reclamation. |
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