Study On Spatial Pattern Optimization Of Beidaihe New Distract From The Perspective Of Eco-tourism

With the continuous increase of people's demand for coastal tourism resources,ecological environmental problems such as garbage accumulation,shoal crowding,Marine pollution and species reduction have become increasingly serious.In the context of implementing supply-side structural reform and healthy China strategy,accelerating the implementation of structural reform in tourism has become an important direction for all regions to develop tourism.The combination of health care and medical care brings new development prospects to small towns.According to the integrated development plan of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Qinhuangdao is designated as the industrial development function area of the eastern coastal port,which carries on the important function of“Beijing-Tang-Qin expansion axis”.Therefore,it is very important to optimize the spatial pattern of ecotourism scientifically and accurately.Based on the perspective of eco-tourism,this paper took seven towns in the south of Beidaihe New District as examples.The ecological environment effect model was constructed to quantitatively analyze the ecological environment effect of the research area.The tourism development suitability of the research area was comprehensively evaluated by the comprehensive index method.The three-dimensional rubik's cube model was used to optimize the tourism spatial pattern of the research area in combination with the construction land spatial control zoning,so as to serve the better development of the ecological tourism industry.The following conclusions were drawn:(1)From 2009 to 2016,the ecological and environmental quality of the research area deteriorated.The lower quality areas were most widely distributed.It presented a spatial pattern of“high in the east and low in the west,zonal distribution”.The index value of overall ecological environment quality in the research area decreased from 0.372 in 2009 to 0.367 in 2013,and continued to drop to 0.365 in 2016.Overall quality levels have deteriorated.The distribution areas of ecological environment quality were successively lower quality areas,higher quality areas,high quality areas and low quality areas from large to small.In the past 7 years,the ecological environment quality has changed from high quality areas to low quality areas.On the whole,the ecological environment quality of land use presented a spatial distribution pattern of“high in the east and low in the west,zonal distribution”.In addition,both trends of ecological environment deterioration and improvement existed.However,ecological environment deterioration was greater than improvement.And the degree of ecological environment deterioration was increasing.(2)The suitability of tourism development presented a distribution pattern of“high in the north and low in the south”.More suitable development areas accounted for the largest proportion.Suitable development areas and more suitable development areas accounted for up to one-half.In terms of spatial distribution,the more suitable development areas were widely distributed.Affected by the radiation of Nandaihe tourist resort and gold coast,they were mainly distributed in the western and northwest areas.Suitable development areas were mainly distributed in the northeast and eastern coastal areas.Less suitable development areas were mainly distributed in the central Qilihai and southeastern areas.In terms of quantitative structure,the most suitable development areas were the largest,which were 14945.31 hm~2,accounting for 37.06%.The second were the less suitable development areas,accounting for29.62%.Suitable development areas accounted for 17.71%.The least suitable development areas accounted for 15.61%.(3)The division scheme of four first-level and ten second-level tourism areas in the research area was established.There were five spatial patterns of“health and leisure in the east,pastoral landscape in the west,health and health care in the middle,ecological agriculture in the south,science and education tourism in the north”.The four first-level functional areas were the ecological protection core area,eco-tourism restricted areas,the moderate ecotourism areas and the eco-tourism development areas.Among them,the eco-tourism development areas were divided into six secondary functional areas:Marine sports and leisure areas,coastal health and tourism areas,health and agricultural tourism areas,medical and health and health experience areas,cultural and creative science and technology tourism areas,and aquaculture and tourism areas.In view of the requirements of farmland protection,the moderate ecotourism areas were the pastoral landscape areas.Eco-tourism restricted areas were divided into eco-agricultural production areas and wetland nature reserves.There was no secondary functional division under the ecological protection core areas.