Research On Optimal Scheduling Of Power System And Power Exchange Mechanism Considering Carbon Emission Permits Allocation And Source-Load Interaction

Recently China has launched pilot carbon trading markets in seven provinces/municipalities and planned to establish national carbon trading market in 2017.Electric power industry is one of the major sources of carbon emissions in China,and it is also the main force to achieve national energy conservation and emissions reduction targets.The implementation of carbon trading has brought many opportunities and challenges to the electric power industry,and it has also brought new ideas to the solution of many traditional power system problems.Besides,the continuous development of smart grid has enhanced initiative and interactivity of demand side.Implementation of electricity market reform also provides support for participation of demand side resources in power market.On this background,this paper launches the research on optimal scheduling of power system and power exchange mechanism considering carbon emission permits allocation and source-load interaction.Firstly,allocation schemes based on historical emission and generation performance standard are introduced.The innovative allocation scheme based on Boltzmann distribution is presented.And an example with real data is analyzed to compare performances of the three schemes.Results of the example show superiority of the scheme based on Boltzmann distribution.Then,based on allocation schemes of carbon emission permits,this paper establishes a SCUC model considering carbon emission allocation and demand side resources by means of integrating demand side resources with virtual power plant.And the model is transformed into a mixed integer quadratic programming problem.Through the case study,effects of three typical demand side resources,i.e.demand response,distributed generation and energy storage devices,on cost reduction and emission decline for unit commitment results are investigated.What’s more,influence of demand side response on unit commitment and influences of allocation schemes and emission permit price on total system emission amount was analyzed and discussed.Finally,unit bidding price function considering carbon emission permits allocation is established.And by integrating demand side resources with load aggregator,we present an electric power market clearing model considering source-load interaction,which is a bi-level optimization problem.The upper level is optimization model of ISO,while the lower level is optimization model of load aggregator.Solving the model with KKT condition based method,we investigate the interaction between demand side resources and power plants of main grid by virtue of electricity price and tie line power.The effects of source-load interaction on reducing system operation costs and carbon emissions,shrinking peak-valley difference of power plants output and promoting development of distributed generation are also analyzed.