Research On The Protection Of Shuhe Historical And Cultural Town Based On The Characteristics Of Landscape Ecological Pattern

The southern part of Shaanxi is the core ecological functional area of Qinba area.The mountainous area is steep,the rivers and valleys are numerous,the climatic conditions are good,the flora and fauna resources are abundant,and the complex and diverse ecological environment has an important influence on the settlement.The characteristics of the historical and cultural towns rooted in the Qinba area are mainly four aspects: natural environment characteristics,historical and cultural characteristics,humanistic characteristics and material characteristics.The natural environment characteristics of historical and cultural towns are the most important.The natural ecological environment on which the survival depends will be destroyed,and the characteristics of the town will also disappear.At present,the historical and cultural towns in southern Shaanxi have developed rapidly,and the urban construction has expanded continuously,resulting in a change in the overall pattern within a certain unit and destroying the good settlement ecological environment in southern Shaanxi.At present,the protection of historical and cultural towns is mainly concentrated on the traditional methods of protection,that is,from the protection of the historical integrity of the historical and cultural towns,the lack of consideration for the unity of settlements and nature;There are few considerations for incorporating historical and cultural towns as one of the natural ecological elements into the overall pattern of natural ecology;the quantitative scientific explanations in the protection process are insufficient and the scientific rigor is insufficient.In turn,the historical and cultural towns are well protected and the overall pattern of the larger area is destroyed.Based on the above-mentioned shortcomings,the protection of the historical and cultural towns in the Shuhe is problem-oriented,introducing theories and methods of ecology,based on the traditional Chinese human settlements environment,summarizing the components that affect the relationship between the environment and the settlement pattern,and analyzing The geographical characteristics of the famous historical and cultural towns of the river,and the relationship between landscape ecological patterns.Using the theory and index of landscape pattern to quantitatively calculate and qualitatively analyze the historical and cultural towns of the Shuhe,summarize the characteristics of the landscape ecological pattern and existing problems,and propose the protection of “overall protection” and “local optimization” for the existing pattern characteristics.The method protects the overall landscape structure,the mosaic pattern and the landscape elements in three levels to achieve the protection of the overall landscape ecological pattern.Through the research on the protection of the famous historical and cultural towns in the Shuhe,the research ideas on the protection of the overall layout of the settlements are put forward,and a set of methods for the protection of settlements in the Qinba area are summarized,in order to provide reference for the protection of settlements in ecologically sensitive areas.