Current Status Of Green Space And Value Evaluation Of Residential Green Space Cultural Ecosystem Services In Tianhe District, Guangzhou

With the deepening of people's understanding of ecosystem services,cultural ecosystem services(CES)as an important part of ecosystem services,play an increasingly critical role in the natural-social ecosystem.In this study,an object-oriented classification method was used to extract the distribution of green space in Tianhe district of Guangzhou from a Gaofen-1 satellite remote sensing image,scale effect and characteristics of urban green space landscape pattern were analyzed.Combined with a demographics of each street and constructed an evenness index to analyze the equilibrium and supply and demand pattern of green space ecosystem services.In addition,according to field survey of residential area,discuss residents' cognition,willingness to pay and enjoyment of green space CES.Finally,using contingent valuation method to evaluate the value of residential green space CES and spatial characteristics analysis.In view of the problems of residential green space CES,corresponding concrete measures are proposed.(1)In Tianhe district,total area of urban green space is 7179.7 ha,which is 52.3% of the total study area,mainly contains park green space(G1),protective green space(G2),land for squares(G3)and attached green space(XG).G1 is the main urban green space class.The area is 4140.4 ha,which accounting for 57.7% of the total area of green space,concentrated in the north and east of the region.The percentage of G2,G3 and XG is followed as 8.9%,9.1% and 24.3%.(2)The scale effect characteristics of various green space landscapes are obvious.With the increase of grain size,patch density showed the characteristics of decline(XG and other land use)and gentle change(G2,G1 and G3).Mean Patch Fractal Dimension of G1 is increasing,patch shape tends to be complex.Largest Patch Index of XG fluctuated slightly.Mean Euclidean Nearest Neighbor Distance of various green space landscapes is rising.Distribution of urban green space is relatively fragmented,patch shape complex and diverse,influenced by urban traffic planning and land use,lack of connectivity between each other.(3)Residents' demand for green space ecosystem services is uneven,southwest is obviously higher than the northeast.High value areas are mainly located in Shipai,Tianhenan,Linhe,Xiancun and Wushan street.Urban green space evenness has obvious spatial differentiation,its situation is basically consistent with the distribution of green space landscape pattern,the northern part is obviously larger than the southern part,with the decrease of green space area,the demand is increasing gradually.(4)The supply of urban green space is uneven and spatial differentiation obviously,47.5% of the regions are in short supply or lack of supply,and the distribution of urban green space is relatively unfair.In addition,per capita supply of green space in each street is not balanced,especially in densely populated and larger demand streets,the imbalance between supply and demand is prominent.Zhuji,Linhe,Shipai and Tianhenan,which are in the V level,not only the population is large,but also the building density is high,there is a serious lack of green space supply per capita,so it is urgent to optimize and adjust its focus in the near future to meet the needs of more urban residents.(5)The styles of green space CES in each community are different,and residents have different attitudes towards it.Among them,the most important is aesthetic services,which is mainly related to the reasonable planning of green space,the most satisfaction is leisure and entertainment services,while the most desirable improvement are spirit and religion,education and knowledge system services,and there is a positive correlation between the most satisfaction service and the most important service.The trend of residents' willingness to pay for different CES in green space is basically consistent.Mainly affected by factors such as the layout design of green space,property management,residents education,occupation and monthly income level et al.76.7% of residents expect the min.compensation amount of more than 50 yuan per year,but the concept of ecological civilization needs to be improved.(6)The value distribution of residential green space CES is uneven and the gap is obvious,residents' satisfaction and comfort in green space CES are different.The total value of most communities is between 100,000 yuan and 300,000 yuan,mainly distributed in the southwestern part of the study area.Communities with more than 700,000 yuan are mainly located in Fenghuang and Longdong in the north of the region,and Huangcun in the east and Liede and Tianhenan in the southwest.While communities below 100,000 yuan are distributed in Linhe in the southwest.(7)Residential green space CES shows different characteristics of agglomeration and spatial heterogeneity is prominent.Communities with apparent H-H agglomeration characteristics are Nanyuan,Guanjun,Maolong and Juxian,mainly distributed in Longdong,Fenghuang in the north of the study area and Huangcun in the east,while communities with H-L agglomeration are concentrated in Tianhenan and Liede in the southwest.The communities with L-H agglomeration status are mainly distributed in the central part of Tangxia and Chebei,the L-L concentration community is Shangya Community,which is distributed in Shibei in the southwest.