Research On Rapid Air Exchange And Cleaning Technology In Tank Car

With the rapid development of the industrial hazardous chemicals transportation industry,mobile tankers play an increasingly important role as the main means of transportation of hazardous chemicals.In order to improve the transport performance of mobile tankers,the state stipulates that mobile tankers must undergo mandatory inspections every year.However,in recent years,safety accidents in the inspection and inspection of mobile tankers have occurred frequently,resulting in large loss of personnel and property.Since the tanker is a closed structure,the inner and outer air exchange of the tanker is basically relied on by a small manhole.Usually,the gas exchange requirement cannot be completed in a short time,the inspector in the tanker suffers from suffocation due to lack of oxygen,and the toxic and harmful components in the residual medium cause the person.Poisoning,severe cases lead to death.The working environment and personnel safety guarantee of the tanker overhaul process have gradually attracted the attention of relevant departments and employees,but the relevant research is completely blank,and no related products have been put into use.It is of great significance and value to inspect the work environment of the inspection and maintenance department and strengthen the safety and security of the staff.It is a key issue that needs to be solved urgently by the tank inspection and maintenance department.Based on extensive research,combined with the actual needs of Xuzhou Branch of Jiangsu Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute,this paper takes a key model mobile tanker as the research object,and uses the tank of the moving tanker as a complete system to establish a geometric model and select a reasonable flow model.Using fluid mechanics and simulation methods,study the flow field characteristics inside the tanker,summarize the flow law,and guide the rapid gas exchange of the tanker and the design of the internal cleaning system.The main work of the thesis is as follows:? Simulate the flow field of the tanker and obtain the characteristics of the flow field.Based on the model parameters and analysis of a certain model of tanker,the flow field inside the tank during the change of the gas tank in the natural rotation state is simulated and calculated.The distribution characteristics are obtained: the flow field is unevenly distributed and there is no air away from the manhole.Circulation,low ventilation efficiency,consistent with the actual situation.? Design a ventilation program,simulate and optimize.Two integrated ventilation schemes were proposed,which used ventilation ducts to adjust the ventilation of the tank.The overall ventilation schemes 1 and 2 were adopted.The results showed that most of the flow field speeds in the tank tanks were adjusted under the two schemes.Distributed at around 0.6m/s and 0.7m/s,it has high ventilation efficiency and is suitable for operators.For tankers with large tank lengths,this paper proposes a segmented ventilation scheme.Exploring the appropriate adjustment angle conditions for the operator at the middle section of the tank and the head section of the tank at the time of entry and entry.? Vacuum structure simulation and optimization design.The starting speed of metal oxide particles of different particle sizes was calculated.It is found that there are certain thresholds for each structural parameter of the extension area in the simulation calculation,and the impact on the simulation result can be neglected after reaching the corresponding threshold.The influence of the width of the base,the inclination of the exhaust pipe and the inclination of the casing on the flow field distribution of the suction port in the structure of the suction port in the vacuum system of the moving tanker is explored,and the corresponding law is obtained.A new type of suction port structure was designed,and the new suction port and the traditional suction port flow field were simulated and compared.The improved flow field of the suction port was evenly distributed along the ground from the entrance.The ground speed was large and sucked.The dust area is large,which is good for the absorption of particulate matter.? Ventilation vacuum system design.The power structure in the mobile tanker ventilation and cleaning system was designed.Through the inquiry,the parameters of the ventilation ducts suitable for the tanks studied in this paper are obtained,and the operation and functional requirements are satisfied.The applicable pipe diameters of the first and second ventilation schemes are 50 mm and 100 mm respectively.The partial ventilation and vacuum tube diameter is 50 mm.Different ventilation schemes and installation methods of pipes in the vacuum structure were designed.