The Influence Of Reverberation And Noise On The Speech Intelligibility Of The Elderly People With Indoor Activities

With the increasing proportion of the elderly people in China,the physiological and psychological needs of the elderly are attached more and more importance to.Meanwhile the reality is that the development of China's current pension industry and old-age facilities is not balanced.In addition the science is not persuasive.Facing the social trend,the main and the secondary needs,the physiological and the psychological needs,the profitability planning of industrial profits,etc,it is difficult for the manager to really stand in the physical and mental position of the elderly people to seriously consider the problem,scientific research on the elderly people,old-age facilities,etc,will provide a reference for the future improvement of China's pension industry.Speech intelligibility is an index to evaluate the clarity of the information heard from the recipient's point of view.Because of hearing degradation or lesion,the elderly have different perception of sound and environment.As the receiver of sound,the speech intelligibility of the elderly directly reflects the perceptual ability of the elderly,and also directly affects the life and psychological state of the elderly.This paper mainly studies the language clarity of the elderly under different influencing factors(noise type,hearing loss,reverberation time)in order to understand the real definition of the elderly,so as to provide a reference for the acoustic design of the elderly.In this paper,the characteristics of conversation and noise influence of the elderly are investigated.It is found that there are some differences in the preference and comfort of different kinds of noise among the elderly who are active indoors.In the conversation experience,there was a significant correlation between subjective loudness,the degree of conversation interference,the clarity of conversation and hearing loss.In the final interview,the author finds that the conversation psychology of the elderly has its own characteristics.The elderly with lower listening level or greater hearing loss are more likely to stay alone because of the low clarity of conversation,which has a great hindrance to the mental health of the elderly.Therefore,the hearing loss of the elderly is not only a physiological index,but also as a research content which is very important in psychophysiology.The study of language clarity is not only to improve the architectural function of pension facilities,but also to improve the happiness of the elderly.On the basis of understanding the psychological research of conversation among the elderly,it is found that the speech intelligibility of the elderly is important.Because the speech intelligibility of the elderly in outdoor places ismainly affected by noise factors,So the experiment set up the laboratory activity under reverberation and noise factors to evaluate the speech intelligibility of the elderly.The evaluation of speech intelligibility word table is the most intuitionistic and accurate method to understand the indoor listening situation of the elderly,finally evaluation experiments and hearing loss tests had been set up.It is hoped to explore the scores of speech intelligibility of the elderly under the action of reverberation and different kinds of noise.The evaluation experiment is to add additional effect to the audio of the clarity table and evaluate it by the elderly subjects.A total of 34 groups of experimental audio were studied for reverberation single factor,signal to noise ratio single factor,different kinds of noise factor.At the same time,the subjects were tested for hearing loss.The evaluation experiment obtained the score range of speech intelligibility of the elderly under different reverberation,different signal-to-noise ratio and different kinds of noise,It is further found that the design of reverberation time can improve the speech intelligibility of the elderly more significantly than that of the control of signal-to-noise ratio,and there are differences in the language clarity of the elderly under different kinds of noise.When the subjects were tested,the elderly were divided into normal hearing group and loss group.By analyzing the score of language clarity,it is found that the score of the normal group is significantly lower than that of the loss group,and the average difference between the normal group and the loss group is about 0.2.In addition,the difference will change under different additional factors.For example,the speech intelligibility of the elderly in the hearing loss group is more affected by reverberation factors.It can be seen that hearing loss should be paid attention to as an important physiological factor affecting the language clarity of the elderly.Finally,under the additional conditions of different factors,the hearing loss and speech intelligibility score of the elderly were analyzed and curve fitted,and it was found that the quadratic equation was a better fitting method for regression under different additional conditions.With the increase of hearing loss,the score of language clarity of the elderly decreases,but due to the different additional conditions(reverberation,noise type and signal-to-noise ratio,etc.),the equation of decline curve fitting is also different.This provides a reference for the prediction of speech intelligibility in the elderly with different hearing loss under the influence of different acoustic factors.