Research On The Traditional Settlement Public Space In The Hezuo City

At present,the level of urbanization in China has steadily improved,with faster growth in the western regions and ethnic minority areas.The impact of urbanization on traditional settlements has caused many problems,among which ecological destruction,disappearance of characteristics and hollowing of settlements are particularly prominent.In Hezuo area,with development of urbanization and influence of cultural convergence,new public spaces,such as cultural squares,basketball courts and public toilets appear in Tibetan traditional settlements.These modern public spaces conflict with traditional public spaces in terms of construction scale,style and functional layout,which makes them lose their original characteristics of human settlements.This highlights the necessity of rational planning and construction of public space in traditional settlements.Therefore,from the perspective of "public space" and take the traditional settlements of Hezuo city as an example,this paper makes a deep study on how to control and coordinate the spatial scale of traditional settlements and how to deal with relationship between modern and traditional space.The paper aims to do preliminary research on linking urban-rural integration development and beautiful rural construction in a better way to provide basis for future planning and design,as well as provide useful reference for the construction of traditional settlements in the context of rapid urbanization.This study used five research methods,which are survey research,case study,data analysis,comparative research and inductive summary.Firstly,the concept of traditional settlements and public space were defined.It was determined that villages with complete overall pattern and strong continuity of spatial form in social development,as well as a part of villages consisting of material space and non-material activity forms,and public space under the influence of their external environment and endogenous environment as the research object.The research scope is the traditional rural settlements with relatively well-preserved and historic Tibetan settlements in Hezuo city.Secondly,the natural environment,social economy and culture of the Hezuo city were investigated,and the basic situation of settlements were obtained.Sixteen traditional Tibetan settlements are selected for field investigation.According to the mode of settlement production,they were divided into pastoral settlements,semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral settlements and rural settlements.The current situation of public space of different types of settlements is analyzed,and it is concluded that types of settlements were basically divided into four types: religious-aggregated settlement,traffic-oriented settlement,natural-formed settlement and production settlement.Finally,the evolution characteristics of traditional settlement public space were summarized,and optimization strategy of planning and construction of traditional settlement public space were raised.The planning and construction of traditional settlements should pay attention to the principles of recognizability,usability,multi-function,adapting measures to local conditions and safety.On this basis,optimization strategies such as controlling and coordinating spatialscale,shaping spatial nodes,improving facilities allocation,reasonably dealing with the relationship between modern and traditional space and overall planning were proposed.