Research On Vehicle Operation Behavior Of Bus Station Area Based On Microscopic Trajectory Data In Mountainous City

Urban public transportation has a great impact on the development of urban politics and economy.The bus station is a key link in the urban public transportation system and has a great impact on the operation of buses and vehicles.With the increase of bus lines and bus stations,the interaction between bus and social vehicles in the bus station area occurs more frequently.In the traffic operation,as the traffic states changes,the behavior of the vehicle in the bus station area will change.In particular,when a bus at a harbor-type bus stop exits,it must perform a lane change to remit to the main line.This will directly cause a certain degree of interference to the social vehicles on the outermost lane of the mainstream,and the actual bus station lacks effective control measures.As a result,the efficiency of vehicle operation in the bus station area is reduced,environmental pollution is aggravated,and even accidents are caused.Therefore,the vehicle behavior characteristics of the bus station area under different traffic states are analyzed based on the microscopic trajectory of the vehicles,and the corresponding vehicle behavior model is constructed.The relevant theory is used to obtain the optimal vehicle decision strategy.This not only provides traffic management advice for traffic managers,but also improves the operational efficiency of bus station areas.Besides,it also lays a theoretical foundation for car-vehicle collaboration and unmanned driving.This paper focuses on the behavior characteristics of vehicles in different states,constructs the corresponding behavior model,and extracts and calibrates the vehicle operating parameters based on the video of UAV and high-altitude observations.Finally,the optimal decision was analyzed based onsimulation and game theory.The specific research content is as follows:(1)The common bus station setting forms and their advantages and disadvantages are introduced.The basic characteristics of the car-following behavior and lane changing behavior of the bus station area are discussed.The basic process of bus entry and exit,the trajectory,speed and acceleration of bus are elaborated.The basis and criteria for the classification of traffic states are introduced,and the specific research objects are determined.Lay the foundation for follow-up research.(2)The main behaviors of social vehicles and buses in the bus station area are analyzed,including the queuing behavior of buses entering and leaving the station,the car following behavior of the vehicles in the mainstream,and the merging behavior of bus.In the bus queuing behavior,all the queuing scenarios that may occur in the bus station are discussed,and the decision-making process of the bus driver entering and leaving the station is sorted out.The advantages and disadvantages of the current classic car-following model are discussed in the car following behavior.The safety distance class is selected as the research focus,and the safety spacing in the classic Gipps model is improved and optimized.In the merge model,the three different rules(cars priority,bused priority,coordination)are used to study the different decision changes of buses and modeling.(3)In order to extract UAV video vehicle data more efficiently,the related UAV video vehicle tracking algorithm is reviewed and optimized for KCF algorithm.The results show that the multi-scale KCF optimization algorithm is nearly 6 times more accurate than the traditional KCF algorithm.The parameters such as speed,acceleration and deceleration of Chongqing typical port-type bus station are extracted and calibrated based on multi-scale KCF algorithm.A comprehensive simulation model of bus station area under smooth and slow-moving conditions is constructed based on MATLAB.It can be seen from the simulation results that when the social vehicle flow _cq or the bus flow _bq is increased,both the social vehicle delay _cT and the bus delay _bT will increase;at the same time,_cT is more sensitive to _bq when bus has priority;When _cq and _bq is less than 1180veh/h and 500veh/h respectively in the meantime,the strategy that gives priority to the mainstream is more appropriate.When _cq exceeds 1180 veh/h or _bq exceeds 500 veh/h,the optimal strategy is bus priority.In addition,in a coordinated environment,the delays in the car will be further reduced,and the efficiency of the bus station area will be greatly improved.(4)In the congested state,the merging process of buses in the bus station area is divided into three time periods:parking waiting time,preparation for import waiting time,and insertion time.The relevant data were obtained respectively based on the high-altitude lookout video.The hypothesis test was used and the relevant parameters were estimated by MLE method.The optimal distribution was determined by K-S test and P-P test.The results show that with the increase of parking waiting time,the distribution of waiting time for preparation is gradually evolved from gamma distribution to lognormal distribution,generalized extreme value distribution and exponential distribution,which shows that with the increase of traffic congestion time,the aspiration that merge into mainstream as soon as possible of bus driver is more urgent.(5)The income matrix under different strategies of vehicles under congested state is constructed based on game theory,and the Nash equilibrium point is calculated when the social vehicle has the maximum value.The vehicle decision-making risk behavior model is analyzed and established,and the social vehicle-related profit and loss function is constructed.Through the Nash equilibrium point,the optimal compulsory lane-changing probability distribution of the bus is obtained,and the optimal compulsory lane-changing strategy model is established.The model parameters were calibrated by means of questionnaires.Finally,the optimal strategy was analyzed by numerical examples.The results showed that when the waiting time or risk coefficient of the parking was increased,the priority right of passage should be gradually transferred to the bus,so as to maximize the benefits of social vehicles.