Effects Of Video Length And Hazard Locations On Young Drivers' Hazard Anticipation

Hazard anticipation is that the driver can correctly anticipate potential hazards in the road environment and master the ability of the hazard to develop.Numerous studies have examined driver's hazard anticipation for road users like cars and lacked studies of vulnerable road users like the type of pedestrian hazards.In addition,previous studies have not specifically investigated hazard anticipation of young drivers.Therefore,whether the young driver's reaction time to hazard has the advantage of driving experience remains to be further investigated.The study conducted two studies to examine the impact of different locations of pedestrian hazards and driving experience on the hazard anticipation of young drivers.Study 1 examined the impact of different hazard locations and driving experience on the hazard anticipation of young drivers under short-time video conditions(N=63).In this study,the average duration of the test video was 10.2 seconds.The study used scenarios based on real traffic to test 21 learners(students who learned subject 3 and did not have a driver's license),21 young novice drivers and 21 young experienced drivers.The hazards in the test video were divided into three categories: the left,middle and right sides of the driver's field of view.The experiment required the driver to quickly click the left mouse button once after seeing the potential road hazard,and recorded the reaction time and eye movement data of the participant.Using the same experiment design and experiment operation as Study 1,Study 2examined the impact of different hazard locations and driving experience on the hazard anticipation of young drivers under long-time video conditions(N=63).In this study,the average duration of the test video was 18.6 seconds.Through the above two studies,the study draws the following conclusions:(1)There is an experience advantage effect in the response time of young drivers to pedestrian hazards,whether under short-time video conditions or long-time video conditions.The richer the driver's driving experience,the better their hazard anticipation.(2)Regardless of the driver's driving experience,the young driver's ability to anticipate pedestrian hazards varies with different hazard locations.Under short-time video conditions,young drivers respond to pedestrian hazards from the middle of the field of view shorter than the left side and shorter than the right side;under long-time video conditions,young drivers respond to pedestrian hazards from the left side of the field of view shorter than the right side and shorter than the middle.(3)Under the condition of short-time video,when the hazard comes from the right side of the driver's field of view,the experience advantage effect of the young drivers is expanded.(4)Under the condition of long-time video,when the hazard originates from the right side of the driver's field of view,the visual search pattern of the young experienced drivers is more flexible,mainly reflected in the vertical spread of attention and the pupil diameter index.