Daylighting Optimization Of Living Modules In The Kindergarten

The origin of research:the author once participated in the daylighting analysis of a design project for a kindergarten in Huilongshan residential community,Changxing county,Zhejiang province,which inspires the author to do the research project.Two thoughts result from the change of design specifications and the author's reflection upon the experience of daylighting analysis of kindergarten buildings:Firstly,according to the latest design specifications about kindergarten buildings,the area of bedrooms and playrooms should be much larger,while related specifications about daylighting and sunlight remain the same.What strategies of lighting design should we adopt to meet the specifications in case of the larger area of living modules?Secondly,the lighting coefficient of a kindergarten's living modules is influenced by shades.However,the specifications only set the area ratio of window to floor without illustrating the relation of surrounding shades,when shades appear in actual design,how to meet the requirement of lighting?The research of kindergarten buildings design and daylighting develops relatively well abroad.However,the architectural space combination of China differs from that of other countries,for the style of kindergarten buildings abroad are often open and disperse while in China are usually in the form of living modules.The research object should be determined based on China's situation.It is rare to see the study of daylighting optimization design for kindergarten buildings,combined with a quantitative analysis by computer simulations from the aspect of architectural design strategy,which is also the method and key point of this research.The core content of design for living modules of a kindergarten is to properly handle the space composing relation of functional spaces like playrooms,bedrooms,bathrooms,cloakrooms and so on.This paper has summarized and classified five basic types of typical space combination modes by collecting and organizing large amounts of design cases of kindergartens.According to the transportation modes,the layout of kindergartens can be divided into north portico type and south portico type.Considering there are less kindergartens adopting south portico type in real practice of architectural design and the limits of the paper length,this research selects two rows of kindergarten living modules(12 classes)with their types are all north portico as the research emphasis.The research of daylighting analysis for buildings mainly focuses on lighting efficiency and lighting quality,which are two aspects of assessment indexes.The standard of lighting efficiency means that thelighting coefficient on working plane should be greater than or equal to what 2 percent accounts for.While lighting quality depends on the evenness of lighting.There are two disciplines that the strategies of daylighting optimization design for architecture should follow:Firstly,directly increasing the quantity of light based on the principle of the confident of lighting,which will produce two strategies:the strategy of expanding sunshine spacing and the strategy of increasing the area ratio of window to floor.Secondly,adding the quantity of light by increasing the lighting methods from walls of architectural space and different positions of the roof,which includes several strategies:the strategy of designing side windows of inner court,the strategy of designing side windows of lighting trough,the strategy of designing lighting well of skylight and the strategy of designing high side windows.All these strategies can be used independently or in combination.This paper includes five chapters:The first chapter is a general introduction that mainly introduces the research background,related research situation at home and abroad,the purpose and content of this research,the significance and methods of the research as well as the outline of this paper.The second chapter is a literature review of related theories about studies of daylighting optimization design for kindergarten living modules,which introduces basic types of living modules of kindergartens,basic concepts of daylighting,the latest specifications of living modules of kindergartens,the studies about kids' requirements for daylighting environment physiologically and psychologically,simulation techniques of daylighting and analysis software for computing architectural sunlight.The third and fourth chapter are the paper's core,which study the living modules of the kindergarten.The third chapter is aimed at discovering the problems to analyze,which determines the type of living modules of the kindergarten with 12 classes,makes simulating experiments of daylighting with the research objects,living modules and then analyze the lighting problems resulted.The fourth chapter mainly solves the problems by introducing several strategies of daylighting optimization design for architecture and then taking them to optimize the design of living modules(research object).The fifth chapter is a summary of this research,which illustrates the conclusions,limitations and forecast of this paper.The author analyzes the shortages of this study and make a forecast for study,which provides the reference and base for architects to design daylighting for other actual kindergartens.The research of lighting optimization design can be summered into six key steps:determining the type of research,discovering problems to analyze,designing optimization strategies,analog computing lighting and making a summary and an assessment of the strategies.The main body of this paper contends about 89990 words and 417 charts in total.