Optimal Allocation Of DG Using Jaya Algorithm

Application of electrical energy is expanding on a daily basis.Electricity is produced through generators and supplied to every home and industry by electricity authority.Central generation in the power system,located afar from load centres,was a popular method of power generation.Currently,the need of a reliable power supply is gearing up with a growing demand for energy.A substantial amount of power is distributed via large network of transmission and distribution lines and a portion of it is dissipated as loss.Distributed generation(DG)seems to be a reasonable solution to the aforementioned problems.DG could be used to reduce the span between source and consumer.DG comprises of small gas turbines,micro turbines,fuel cells,wind,diesel generators,solar energy and so on.DG effectively minimizes power loss,increases reliability,reduces emissions and improves voltage profile encountered in the distribution system.The choice of distributed power source types,location and capacity has a great impact on distribution networks.This thesis first introduces current situation of Nepal.It then discusses on how to make reasonable choices from numerous DGs,and focuses on the optimal access location and capacity of DGs.Nepal faces a major development crisis in multiple sectors.Additionally,Nepal is prone to natural disasters like earthquake and landslides.On April 25,2015,Nepal was stuck by a massive earthquake of a 7.8 magnitude.Although Nepal is not affluent with fossil fuel resources,it holds abundant renewable energy resources,specifically water and solar energy.Big power plants demand greater expenses and efforts in construction unlike DG system,which is cheap and robust.This thesis introduces a city of southern Nepal,Butwal.Owing to transformer overload and voltage instability,applying DG could be quite beneficial in Nepal.A major concern lies in proper DG allocation which will otherwise result in immense power loss and instability.Hence,there is need for a proper method.Various optimization methods are used to deploy DG units.This paper briefly introduces other techniques that deal with optimal power flow problems-Genetic Algorithm(GA)derived from biologic evolution,Artificial bee colony(ABC)inspired by intelligent foraging action of honey bees,Particle swarm optimization(PSO)depicting behaviour of fish and bird swarms,Ant colony optimization(ACO)derived from the performance of real ants,Whale optimization mimicking social functioning of humpback whales,Firefly Algorithm based on flashing behaviour of fireflies etc.This paper proposes a new model based on Jaya algorithm for placement and sizing of multiple DGs in different loading cases.It is a population based heuristic algorithm which only requires common control parameters and hence,no other algorithm-specific parameters.The algorithm tends to get closer to the best solution and moves away from the worst solution.The methodology has been implemented in two distribution systems namely IEEE 33 bus and Distribution system of Butwal,Nepal.The results of DG allocation have been observed.