Fire Spread Analysis And Fire Resistance Of Historic Buildings

China’s cultural relics building is a treasure in the history of architecture,which condenses the wisdom of our people and has great research significance and historical value.However,most of China’s cultural relics are wooden or brick-wood structures.If a fire breaks out,it will cause irreversible damage to the building.In order to protect cultural relics from fire hazards,this paper will conduct fire propagation analysis and fire resistance performance research on cultural relics building.By consulting most domestic and foreign literatures,the author finds that the fires in cultural relics have the problems of rapid spread,insufficient fire separation,and damage to cultural relics.Moreover,for cultural relics,fire experiments cannot be performed.Therefore,this paper studies the fire prevention and protection measures of cultural relics through field research,statistical analysis,numerical simulation and experimental comparison:(1)The author conducted a fire load investigation on 77 cultural relics buildings in the Beijing area.Through field visits,data acquisition,and statistical analysis,the author summarized the fire loads of cultural relics in the municipal district,and used programming to study the influencing factors and estimation methods of fire damage of cultural relics buildings;(2)On the basis of the mobile high-pressure water mist fire separation test carried out in the same project,the high-pressure water mist fire-fighting experiment was carried out on the raft.By comparing the fire extinguishing effects of different nozzles and different injection distances,the parameters of the high pressure water mist separation screen are revised and improved,and reflected in the fire propagation simulation analysis process,and the effectiveness of the fire separation water curtain is continuously improved;(3)With the help of FDS simulation software,the author selected typical cultural relic buildings to simulate and analyzed the fire spread,and compared the temperature,heat radiation and spread speed under different working conditions to determine the wind direction and high pressure water mist.The influence of factors such as parameter setting on the spread of cultural relics in buildings and buildings provides a theoretical basis for proposing reasonable and effective fire prevention measures;(4)The author selected the load-bearing wood members in the most unfavorable position in the cultural relics building for structural fire resistance analysis,fully considering the thermal and mechanical properties of wood carbonization and wood,and using ABAQUS thermal coupling module for calculation.In the end,the author obtained the fire resistance limit of the wood component to meet 1h,and determined the latest timing of fire extinguishing.This paper can estimate the fire risk of cultural relics through fire load estimation.At the same time,with the results of sprawl analysis and fire resistance,it can propose reasonable fire protection measures for cultural relics and better protection of cultural relics.Provide a certain reference for future fire protection and fire protection of cultural relics.