Research And Development On Large-scale Three-dimensional Laser Deep Engraving Machine

Plastic surface stripe pattern can effectively improve the appearance of plastic products and use performance,which has been widely used in automotive and other industries.At present,the plastic surface stripe is mainly made by profiling molds.Conventional chemical etching is usually used to engrave the stripe pattern of the mold cavity now,but this method has the disadvantages of low efficiency,low degree of automation and poor flexibility,and the corrosion solution can cause serious pollution to the environment.In this paper,the advanced laser engraving technology with z-axis auto-focus module is used to achieve engraving stripe pattern of mold three-dimensionally.The main research contents include: optical system,mechanical system,and control system design and construction,and on this basis,the laser three-dimensional sculpture experiments and mold cavity pattern engraving experiments.In this paper,the concept of plastic stripe pattern and application of plastic stripe pattern is introduced,and the processing flow and defects of chemical etching method of mold cavity stripe pattern are expounded.The current situation of laser engraving is analyzed.The paper proposes to use laser to engrave stripe pattern of mold cavity.After analyzing the characteristics of the stripe of mold cavity,the paper presents two schemes.The first one is three-axis surface engraving and the second one is optical dynamic focusing galvanometer scanning surface engraving.The second scheme is chosen and split engraving is added to expand the scope of the second scheme at the same time.Then optical system is set up,including the laser,beam expander,automatic zoom scanning system.Then,the design of the mechanical system is carried out.The ball screw type three-axis linear mechanism is used to realize the split engraving.Then the main structure of the equipment such as the body structure is designed and the stepping motor is equipped according to the actual load.At last the other auxiliary mechanical parts such as the sheet metal shield are designed.Finally,FPGA-based control board and industrial computer are used to control the equipment.The speed and position of the three-phase induction stepper motor is controlled with the combination of the stepping motor driver and the control board;With the use of board interface,the switch,power,pulse frequency of the master oscillator,power amplifier two-stage fiber laser is controlled;High-speed scanning of the laser dynamic focusing axis and scanning galvanometer is controlled with the XY2-100 transmission protocol.In this paper,a three-dimensional aluminum model is designed to verify the three-dimensional engraving function of the equipment.And then the layered engraving method is used to carry out the stripe pattern engraving experiment.The experiment proves that the equipment can complete the engraving mold cavity pattern with high speed and high efficiency.