| Chongqing is one of the “fire stoves” in the Yangtze River basin in China and has been subjected to high-temperature disasters throughout the year.In recent years,due to the dual role of global warming and urbanization,urban high-temperature disasters have become more and more serious.This has directly affected the health of residents and caused incalculable damage to the social economy.The urban ecological environment has been severely damaged.The climate,hydrology,and vegetation soil in the area have all changed,threatening the urban human settlement environment.In order to improve the urban thermal environment and raise people's attention to high-temperature disasters in cities,and improve the status of urban planning in dealing with high-temperature disasters,the paper conducts research on urban high-temperature disaster risk assessment and planning and response.This article first sorts out the research situation of urban high-temperature disasters,and points out the current research situation and deficiencies.Second,analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of high temperature disasters in downtown Chongqing.Then,through the analysis of the causes of urban high-temperature disasters,the urban high-temperature disaster risk assessment indicators were extracted,and the weights were determined using the analytic hierarchy process to establish a high-temperature disaster risk assessment index system.Again,from the three aspects of high-temperature disaster hazard factors,typhoon-hazard environment,and hazard-affected bodies in downtown Chongqing,the risk of high-temperature disasters in downtown Chongqing is analyzed,and more detailed data are used to analyze Yuzhong District as a key region.Its high-temperature disaster risk.Finally,according to the risk distribution maps of high-temperature disasters in downtown Chongqing and Yuzhong District,the strategies for urban master planning,controlled detailed planning,and urban design were proposed.In addition,the Jiefangbei in Yuzhong District was used as a research area to evaluate the effectiveness of urban design improvement strategies through ENVI-met.According to the research and analysis,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)The research history of urban high temperature disasters is relatively short and has not yet received sufficient attention.There is little research on urban high-temperature disasters from the perspective of multisource data,there is no universal assessment method system,and the indicators are single,the urban planning response system is not perfect,and there is a lack of coping methods.(2)The causes of urban high-temperature disasters are global warming,urbanization,geographic environment,and abnormal atmospheric circulation.Therefore,urban high-temperature disaster risk assessment indicators are selected from these aspects,and are divided into hazard-causing factors and catastrophic environment.And disaster-taking bodies in three areas.(3)By comprehensively superimposing relevant factors such as hazard factors,pregnancies,and hazard-affected bodies,the risk distribution of high-temperature disasters in the central urban area of Chongqing was obtained: The high-temperature disaster risk grades in the downtown areas of Chongqing were generally higher.The low-risk areas are mainly located along the Yangtze River in the central urban area,the Dadukou District and Banan District in the southern part of the study area,and the south bank area in the northeast;the lower risk areas are mainly located at the edge of the study area and along the coasts of the two rivers;the medium-risk areas mainly include The higher-risk areas are centered,distributed in strips and distributed in various corners of the central city.The higher-risk areas are the areas with the highest temperature coverage in the downtown area of Chongqing,and are mainly distributed around high-risk areas;high-temperature disasters have a high risk.The district is a multi-center block distributed throughout the central city,mainly in the central area of Yuzhong District,Jiulongpo,Jiangbei District,and other central cities.(4)Since the 21 st century,the number of days of high-temperature disasters in downtown Chongqing has shown a trend of “increasing,decreasing,and increasing” as a whole,with a wide range of changes,ranging from 0-37d/a.The most important month for high-temperature disasters occurs in July and August of each year.The number of days that occur in July of each year is the highest,but it is the highest in August and the longest in duration.The high-temperature disaster in the center of the city extends from the middle of Jiulongpo to the north and then to the south.In the northern region,the “multi-flowering” shape gradually expanded from the small and medium-sized regions of each region until it spread across the entire study area.(5)The high-risk areas of high temperature disasters in Yuzhong District are mainly distributed in the Jiefangbei area,and are high-risk areas in the eastern part of Chaotianmen and a few areas in the south of the Petroleum Road;the higher-risk areas are dotted in various administrative areas,but mainly around the high areas.Risk area distribution;Moderate risk areas are scattered in central and western areas of Yuzhong District;Lower risk areas are located in central and western areas of Yuzhong District,mainly around the periphery of higher risk areas;low risk areas are mainly located in the Yangtze River and Jialing River waters.Along the Hualong Bridge and the two intersections,the coast is the most distributed.(6)At the level of urban master planning,strategies for urban system planning,central urban planning,and special planning are proposed.At the level of regulatory detailed planning,strategies for land use control,road traffic planning,urban design guidance,and building construction are proposed.At the urban design level,corresponding measures were taken from the three aspects of street space,building layout and greening of the square,and ENVI-met was used to evaluate the benefits. |
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