| This paper constructs a multi-series of quantitative indicators,based on a new divwasion of settlement space,a more comprehensive study of the form of settlement space and its diversity and hereditary characterwastics.The use of genetic and genetic dwastances revealed the basic characterwastics of colony space heredity,and identified the main factors that affected the spatial gene diversity of the Buyi communities in the Central Yunnan,and applied the hereditary characterwastics of the settlement space to the protection and development of traditional settlements..This article had enriched the research field of settlement space,dwascovered the intrinsic genetic relationship of settlement space from the traditional to the modern,and provided new research ideas and theoretical support for the construction,protection,renewal and development of traditional settlements.The results of the study are as follows:(1)Quantified the space of each unit of traditional settlements and assign values to each space unit.Using a variety of quantification methods,the traditional settlement space could be divided into 5 categories,10 categories and 17 subcategories,and make 17 divided.This type of space covered all the settlement space.Based on the division of traditional settlement space,the modern settlement space was divided,and the small class space was regarded as the main research object.Changes in the spatial types of modern settlements: Modern villages had disappeared from the living and transportation spaces,commercial transportation space,study and education space,solemn ceremonial space and roadway green space,and had increased the space for farming cultural exhibitions and through-type transportation;modern towns had disappeared.Life transportation space,commercial transportation space,solemn ceremonial space and roadway green space had increased the display space for farming culture,ethnic cultural exhibition space and through-type transportation space;modern communities had disappeared the living transportation space,courtyard living space,unused land space,ladders Such as walking space,water space,solemn ceremonial space,natural green landscape space and roadway green space,added temporary parking space and underground parking space.(2)Comparing the D and H values of the traditional-to-modern settlement type diversity indices,the ranking of D values was: Qingyan Ancient Town(traditional town 0.880)> Zhenshan Village(traditional village 0.876)> Bijiao Town(modern town 0.863)> Shimoin Village(modern village 0.848)> Luoping New Town(modern community 0.806),H value list: Qingyan Ancient Town(traditional town 2.325)> Zhenshan Village(traditional village 2.317)> Jiaopo Town(modern town 2.290)> Lower House Village(Modern Village 2.219)> Luoping New City(modern community 1.780)showed that in the process of development of settlements from traditional to modern,the diversity of spatial types gradually decreases;settlement space was heritable,architectural features and spatial layout,The number of spatial gene categories in settlements had decreased from traditional to modern,and there had been gene mutations;in terms of spatial characteristics: the plane form from traditional to modern settlement space had been reduced from multiple genotypes to one-dimensional shape of Luoping New City;The number had grown from traditional to modern.A comparison of the genetic diversity between the internal longitudinal and external lateral directions within the settlements and the settlements of each type of space revealed that the more types of internal space in settlements,the more diverse the architectural features,and the richer the spatial forms,the spatial gene within the settlement.The richer the diversity.(3)The ranking of the D value of the settlement overall genetic diversity index was: Qingyan Ancient Town(Traditional Township 0.994)> Zhenshan Village(Traditional Village 0.993)> Jiaopo Town(Hyundai Town 0.991)> Xiayuan Village(Hyundai Village 0.990)> Luo In Pingxincheng(modern community 0.982),the ranking of H values was: Qingyan Ancient Town(traditional town 5.117)> Zhenshan Village(traditional village 5.097)> Jiaopo Town(modern town 4.814)> Xiayuan Village(Modern Village 4.691)> Luoping New Town(Modern Community 4.063).It showed that the genetic diversity of the entire space from traditional to modern settlements was gradually decreasing.The genetic distance of each subcategory space had grown from traditional to modern as a whole;the spatial genetic distance between traditional villages and traditional towns and between modern villages and modern towns was smaller than that of other settlements as a whole;the same administrative level The genetic distance between settlements(traditional villages and modern villages,traditional towns and modern towns)relative to different levels of settlement space was relatively small;the genetic distance between modern residential areas and other settlement types was relatively large,indicating that the modern community had an internal space gene and The genetic similarity of other settlement space genes was low,that was,internal gene loss or mutation occurs.By analyzing the overall genetic distance from traditional to modern settlements,we can discover the regularity of the genetic distance between colonies from the traditional to the modern.The corresponding relationship of genetic distance from small to large was: Qingyan-Zhenshan(0.283)<Sloped-Lower House(0.304)< Zhenshan-lower(0.481)<Qingyan-Lower(0.483)<Qingyan-Yanpo(0.511)<town Mountain-Slope(0.662)<Qingyan / Lower Court-Luoping New Town(0.800)<Jinshan-Loping New Town(0.844)<Slope-Loping New Town(0.859).It can be seen that the traditional villages and modern villages have a higher degree of genetic similarity between traditional and modern towns;the traditional towns had a higher degree of genetic identity with traditional villages than modern towns and modern villages;modern communities and traditional settlements and modern towns.There was a large genetic difference between the villages and the villages,and the Luoping new settlements had large changes.(4)The order of the major factors affecting the spatial genetic diversity index from the largest to the smallest was: natural factors,cultural factors,economic factors,and social factors.Among them,the average sunshine duration,annual average rainfall,the number of annual average nationalities held,the number of educational facilities,infrastructure investment,government financial support,population density,and total population had a great influence on the spatial genetic diversity index;average elevation,Average annual temperature,number of religious buildings,proportion of primary school education,per capita income,tourism income,total number of households,proportion of population under the age of 20,and population proportion of 20-40 years old had a general influence on the spatial genetic diversity index;from Guiyang City Distance,settlement area,per capita area,vegetation coverage,proportion of junior high school education,proportion of high school graduates,proportion of university education,number of main roads,number of secondary roads,proportion of population aged 41-60,proportion of population aged over 60,and spatial gene The diversity index had a low degree of influence.(5)According to the research results of this paper,from the aspects of the conservation of settlement space diversity,the use of spatial genetic diversity and the control of external influencing factors,the traditional settlements wuld be maintained in the process of protection and development,and be developed for the development of traditional settlements.Specific and better coping strategies: Traditional settlement planning and design should be based on or based on the rich and varied characteristics of settlement space;the characteristics of spatial genetic diversity should be maintained during the protection and development of traditional settlements;and settlements should be controlled during the protection and development of traditional settlements.The genetic distance of space;to control the external factors of spatial genetic diversity.The above research results would provide a new perspective for research in this field,support the in-depth research data and theoretical foundations in other related fields,and provide new coping strategies for the protection and development of other traditional settlements. |
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