| Ecological migration,considered as one of a population migration style,takes account of both poverty alleviation and ecological construction.The construction of ecological resettlement area has a great impact on the landscape pattern of resettlement area,while the latter,however,lead a straight influence on its ecosystem function if changed.Therefore,the construction and optimization of ecological network means a lot to the construction of ecological resettlement area.Our article combines the theory belongs to different fields contains geography,landscape ecology,conservation biology and landscape planning based on the high-resolution remote sensing image of the ecological settlement area located in Yuanzhou district of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in 2015.And,the conditions of ecological landscape pattern optimization and ecological network construction in ecological settlement area are studied by the software of EN VI、eCognition、ArcGIS、Fragstats and the methods of analysis of spatial pattern in morphology.Our research indicates that:(1)During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period,Yuanzhou District plans to implement ecological resettlement for 15,000 households and 62,000 people.Through the division of population function divisions,nationalities,and resettlement methods in the ecological immigrant resettlement areas of the original state,the resettlement area is divided into three types and sample villages are selected.In this paper,three villages of Huide Village,Yuande Village and Anhe Village were selected as sample villages.From the perspective of the landscape area of the study area,the largest area in Huide Village is 995.21hm2,and the smallest area is 594.88hm2 in Yuande Village.(2)In the three ecological resettlement areas,the largest cultivated landscape area were Hui de village and Yuan de village,703.4hm2 and 397.63hm2,and the largest landscape area of construction land in Anhe Village is 368.65hm2;within three villages The patch density of construction land landscapes was 32.35,60.01,and 74.45 respectively,and the degree of fragmentation was high,while the construction land in Anhe Village had the highest degree of fragmentation.The patch density of water landscape was 0.4,0.5,and 0.03,respectively.The degree of landscape fragmentation in the lower level of Anhe Village is the lowest;the cultivated landscaping walks and the parallel index in Huide Village and Yuande Village are relatively high 79.07,87.71,indicating that the farmland and other types of landscape in Huide Village and Yuande Village The adjoining degree is the best.The park landscape and the parallel index in Anhe Village are high 84.04,which shows that the middle garden area of Anhe Village is best adjacent to other types of landscapes.The cultivated land landscape and construction land landscape are all dominant landscapes in the study area.The proportion in the study area is relatively large,and the proportion of water area landscapes is the smallest.The composition of patch landscapes in garden landscapes and water areas is more regular and the species purity in the landscape is high.(3)Among the three different types of ecological resettlement areas,Shannon’s diversity index in Anhe Village was 1.31 maximum,indicating that its patch type was the most abundant,and there were dominant landscapes in the landscape;the peak spread index of Huide Village was 63.64,indicating thatThe type of plaque was more uniform,and the connectivity between a dominant patch and other patches in the landscape was better.The connectivity index of Yuande village was 22.02,indicating that the connectivity of the landscape was good,and the connection of various types of plaque was better and the landscapes were different.Plaque types are better interconnected.(4)The woodland landscape in the area is fragmented and has a small area,which is not conducive to being an ecological source.Therefore,according to the actual situation of the ecological resettlement area,this paper uses the grassland landscape as the core patch,and constructs 45 potential ecological corridors in different resettlement areas.Road.Grassland landscape is the main landscape type that constitutes a potential ecological corridor in the area.However,in the optimization of landscape pattern,it is still necessary to increase the landscape of forest land and renovate grassland landscape.(5)The intensity of interaction between ecological patches in ecological immigrant settlement areas is very different,and the interaction between most of the ecological patches is low.This paper selects suitable ecological nodes according to their actual conditions in different research areas.17,17 and 26 ecological nodes were selected in Huide Village,Yuande Village and Anhe Village respectively.Through the selected ecological nodes and the construction of potential ecological corridors in the area,the mutual migration between species and biodiversity was promoted.protection. |
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