Preparation And Research Of Perovskite Solar Cells With Different Absorbing Layer Materials

After seven years of development,the photovoltaic conversion efficiency(PCE)of perovskite solar cells has grown from 3.8%to the present 22.1%,which is mainly due to the good visible light absorption capacity of perovskite materials and lower carrier recombination rate and higher carrier mobility and so on.However,perovskite solar cells still have many shortcomings,such as poor stability,the need for the participation of toxic compounds and heavy metal lead,environmental unfriendly,and irreversible damage to the human body,which makes perovskite solar cells away from the actual production There is still a big gap in application.Therefore,the absorption layer materials for perovskite solar cells should be explored more.In view of the above issues,this paper focuses on the preparation and conversion efficiency of inorganic lead perovskite absorbing materials and organic lead-free perovskite absorbing materials,and explores the application of different perovskite materials to solar cells:1.The SnO2nanoparticles processed by low temperature solution are used as the electron transport layer of the planar structure solar cell,and are prepared at a low temperature in a whole process,and the process is simple.We characterized the SnO2 nanoparticles by electron microscopy and found that the Sn02 thin film has good coverage on the substrate,uniform thickness,dense film and no pinhole structure,which is very favorable for the spin coating of the next perovskite layer,and the improvement of the film quality of the perovskite layer.Defect density of perovskite layer.Based on this,the optimization of the efficiency of the battery was optimized.By controlling the solution concentration,the rotational speed of each layer,and the annealing temperature,the crystallization of the film was well controlled,and a dense,pin-hole-free film was obtained.The optimized calcium was obtained.Titanium ore solar cells can achieve nearly 21%efficiency and stable performance.2.A pure lead-free PEA2FAn-1SnnI(3n+1)-based perovskite solar cell was prepared,and a two-dimensional material was added to the tin-based perovskite battery to investigate whether the PEA is good for the photoelectric performance and stability of the tin perovskite solar cell.We use PEA as the organic separation interlayer to prepare low-dimensional tin perovskite films.By controlling the ratio of PEA,we can improve the quality of perovskite films.When the addition amount is 20%,surface morphology can be further improved.The smooth and dense film not only improves the oxidation resistance of the perovskite solar cell,but also improves the air stability of the battery.On this basis,the photovoltaic performance of the solar cell is further optimized by controlling the thickness of the perovskite layer and the electron transport layer,the annealing temperature and other parameters.We have found that the control of the thickness of the perovskite layer and the electron transport layer is also crucial to obtain a good solar cell photovoltaic performance.After optimizing each parameter,we prepared a pure Sn perovskite solar cell with an efficiency of 3.14%and a stabilization time of more than 96 hours.3.A silver-lead iodine composite material solar cell was prepared.Although this composite material is not perovskite material,the material has photovoltaic performance.We explored the effect of AgI and PbI2 molecular ratio on the photoelectric performance of the battery.We found that silver-lead-iodine composite material solar cells have better photoelectric performance only when the ratio of the two molecules is 1:1.And we found that when the annealing temperature is between 100 °C and 130 ?,the photovoltaic performance of solar cells will be significantly better than that of solar cells in other annealing temperature ranges.When we increase the annealing temperature above 140?,we find that solar energy of the cell is very inefficient at this time.Finally,we conclude that the mixture of AgI and PbI2 with a silver to lead ratio of 1:1 spin-coated at 130? has the best optoelectronic properties,the efficiency can reach 0.95%,and due to the all-inorganic material,the solar cell is very stable.The study of the above three materials shows that photovoltaic materials are rich and potential,and different materials have different advantages.The exploration and research of different materials is of great significance to us to explore the potential of photovoltaic materials.