Passive Design Application Research Of Educational Building In Guangzhou Area

In the background of rapid development in universities and obvious problems of environment and energy in the 21 st century,passive architectural design has been paid attention to and widely used by architects because of its energy-saving and beneficial to indoor comfortable and health environment.In the educational architecture design,a reasonable shading design can reduce indoor solar radiation heat,and provide reasonable lighting conditions,and a reasonable natural ventilation design can reduce indoor temperature and improve indoor thermal comfort.However,there are some problems in the research of passive design,such as the lack of comprehensive environmental application research and the application research of different seasons.In view of the above problems,based on the natural climate characteristics in Guangzhou,70 educational buildings are investigated in this article after summarizing relevant theories,recording the types of sunshade in the influencing factors of sunshade design.The length and deflection angle of shading board,the height of window sill,the area ratio of inlet and outlet and the angle of wind direction projection in the design of natural ventilation windows are summarized.The combination types of common classrooms are summarized as well.Secondly,the passive design and application effect of classroom is recorded and analyzed through the field experiments in summer and autumn of 7 classrooms in the educational building.By comparing the application results of different seasons,it is found that the design of shade and ventilation in summer environment is difficult to satisfy the indoor comfort of classroom,so the application effect of shading and ventilation design in autumn is further studied.Finally,combined with ECOTECT and Phoenics simulation software,the influence of single influencing factor and integrated environment of passive design was studied.And the influence of the distance,deflection angle and sunshade type combination in shading on the indoor thermal environment was analyzed.The best deflection angle of vertical shading in east-west classroom is 60°,and the change ofthe southward shading should be given priority in the optimization design of the north-south classroom.At the same time,the influences of window height,wind direction projection angle and area ratio of inlet and outlet on indoor wind speed and wind speed ratio are analyzed,the relative data show that the height of windward window sill should not be taller than 1.1m,and the reasonable design method of sunshade and window in educational building and corresponding application effect are put forward.