Structure Improvement And Performance Test Of Scintillation Detector

At present,HPGe detectors are often used to measure energy spectrum information of activated samples in nuclear radiation measurement,because of its high energy resolution,fast response time,wide linear range,but poor resistance to irradiation,when the injection flux of neutrons is large,The crystal atoms will be displaced.Continuous irradiation will dislocate a large number of germanium lattices,destroy the intrinsic structure of the HPGe crystals,reduce the charge collection rate of the detectors,and degrade the energy resolution of the HPGe detection.At the same time,the HPGe detectors are expensive.The working environment needs liquid nitrogen cooling,which brings inconvenience to maintenance and limits its wide application in industrial production practice.Compared with HPGe detectors,there are many types of scintillation detectors,with better energy resolution,detection efficiency,wider detection range,lower price,and good radiation resistance,which is currently the most widely used nuclear Radiation detectors,but often due to the relatively low resolution of gamma rays that cannot resolve similar energies,make data analysis more difficult.To solve this problem,this paper is based on the principle,structure and mature nuclear electronics technology of scintillation detectors.Combining the development of electronic technology and materials science,the spectroscopic specifications and fluorescence of scintillation detectors are analyzed through theoretical calculations,simulations,and experimental tests.The influence of the stability of the external voltage source on the performance of the detector was explored in terms of the exit mode,the material and thickness of the reflective layer,the optical coupling material and the anti-reflective coating,and the scintillation detection system.Through this novel high-photon-output scintillation detector,the influence of different conditions on the performance of the detector was investigated.Finally,the following conclusions were drawn:?1?Compared with traditional detectors,the new high photon output detector finds the same volume of scintillators.After exiting the side window mode,the output of scintillation photons is obviously enhanced,the resolution is also improved,and the stability and energy linearity are both improved.It is not hesitate to meet the experimental requirements;?2?The stability of the working status of the detection system will be affected by the external power supply,and the degree and effect of different components will not be the same.The main amplifier is most affected by the most obvious multi-channel system.Obviously;?3?The effect of different materials on light reflection is different.When the reflectivity of the material is low,the reflection effect is positively related to the thickness;?4?The working status of the detector is affected by the test environment temperature more obviously,with the test environment temperature.With the decrease,the light yield of BGO crystals gradually increases,the PMT photoelectrode output power of the photocathode becomes lower,and the flicker fluorescence count increases.The number of center peak positions of the ¹³⁷Cs source@0.662 MeV characteristic peak shifts to the right,and the energy resolution improves.Reducing the experimental measurement of ambient temperature is one of the methods to effectively improve the performance of BGO scintillation detectors;?5?Scintillator Coupling When the position is different,it has obvious influence on the detection performance.The closer it is to the center of the photocathode,the stronger the detection capability is.Select the size of the PMT to be consistent with the exit surface of the scintillator?it is possible to completely match the photocathode coating with the exit surface?.