Study On Fire Safety Evaluation Of Large Shopping Mall

In recent years,China has launched a series of policies about fire control work,which would make the fire cause socialization and standardization.It is obvious that our country attaches great importance to fire control work.Then the development of the industry of building fire safety assessment is just around the corner.However,our country has not been a unified method and index system about building fire safety assessment,and so the building fire safety assessment is studied in the paper.The features of construction and function of large shopping mall determine that it has larger fire risk.Once a fire,it will cause serious property loss and casualties.So the large shopping mall is selected as the research object.Our country has done some research about fire safety assessment of large shopping mall.However,the existing evaluation system and method is not perfect.The existing evaluation system can not be well applied in fire safety assessment of the actual work.To the existing evaluation methods,there is no good consideration of multi personnel score and the treatment for multi personnel score.To the existing score criteria,the content is vague and the operability is not strong.In order to solve the above problems,the related research work is carried out in this paper.First,the factors influencing the fire safety of the large shopping mall are analyzed according to the relevant standards and the actual fire safety requirements,and a four level index system is established from fire hazards,building fire performance,fire brigade,personnel evacuation and fire management in the shopping mall.And the weight of each index is determined by using FAHP method which belongs to subjective weighting method.Secondly,according to the provisions in the relevant specification,the actual fire safety requirements and the evaluation index system,the index score criteria of the large shopping mall fire safety assessment is established.Finally,the multi personnel interval score method is used to grade index,this means that each person of the scoring group gives lower and upper limit of score of each index.Then fuzzy set-valued statistical method is used to deal with multi personnel interval score to obtain the value of each index.Finally,an example is given to analyze,and the evaluation model is applied to the fire safety assessment of a large shopping mall in Shenyang.On the basis of construction situation and fire condition of the shopping mall introduced in detail,three fire safety experts,a leadership of the shopping mall safety management and a staff of the shopping mall management department are selected to grade the index according to the scoring criteria.Then the model method is used to calculate the final score.The fire safety of the shopping mall is the secondary level which is relatively safe,and the value is in the low score of the level.Finally,the shopping mall is analyzed with the assessment result,and the corresponding suggestions and measures are given.