Coordination And Optimization Of Envelope Key Parameters For Nearly Zero Energy High-rise Residence In Cold Region

In the context of global energy and environment crisis,Europe and the United States have been achieved a lot in the development of nearly Zero Energy Buildings(nZEBs).However,China is copying German Passive House blindly and exploring what is nZEB as well as how to build nZEBs.Though design standards for passive low-energy residential buildings were issued in Hebei and Shandong provinces respectively,they succeeded the convention,“design first but verify later”,of Chinese 65% energy-saving standard,which went against the intention of nZEBs.The target of ZNEB is to minimize heating and cooling energy caused by building envelope.So,it is urgent to study primary theory and put forward design method for China ZNEBs.The heating demand of Chinese urban residential buildings in cold region is huge,so corresponding energy-saving potential is great.It provides good chance for the development of nZEBs in China.Solar radiation is entirely different on the different orientations,which leads to the result that enclosure facing different direction gains solar heating differently.That is to say,enclosure facing different direction have different influence on heating and cooling energy demand.In order to realize minimum energy demand,it is necessary to decompose key parameters to every direction,and then optimize all parameters coupled.So,this study was divided into four parts:(1)Define nearly Zero Energy Building in China by an investigation and literature reviews.The investigation was carried at first for the facts that the definition of nZEB's is ambiguous,the undefinition of the energy calculation border is unclear and the energy consumption characteristic is atypical.And then connotation and denotation of NZEB were reviewed and compared with the statistical results.Finally,define nearly Zero Energy Building in China.(2)Established prototype model in cold region for the research due to the differences of residence types in China and Germany as well as the misconceptions of the relation between building shape and energy demand.Firstly,shapes and sizes were investigated.Secondly,heating and cooling demand was simulated with aid of DesignBuilder software.Finally,all the dates were dealt with by SPSS software,and the minimum energy size was obtained.(3)Established Regression Equation and put forward optimization mechanism of envelope key parameters based on the prototype model.Firstly,key parameters were screened out and divided into every direction by single-dimensional sensitivity analysis.Secondly,orthogonal experiment was designed,and each experiment was simulated.Finally,all the data were dealt with by multiple linear regression with SPSS.(4)Verified the reality of the mathematical equation with Hanyuhaifeng Project in Jinan and optimized the key parameters of the project.As a result,optimization suggestions for nZEBs in cold region were offered.At last,the mathematical equation was developed into user software to predict building energy consumption level.As a result,architects can coordinate building scheme design and envelope energy-saving design on the whole.