| With the development of science and technology,people’s demand for environmental sanitation quality was getting higher and higher,meanwhile environmental sanitation quality was not only a representative of urban civilization but also the embodiment of urban comprehensive strength.The key point of urban cleaning was not only on roads and highways.With accelerating the pace of urbanization,a large number of labor flow into the city,at the same time to form a complete set of residential areas,streets,square,industrial zone,schools and hospitals,etc.A lot of public area greatly increased.The common characteristics of these common areas were that there was a large flow of people,and the road surface is not standardized,so it was not possible to apply a large sweeper to clean the road surface.Therefore,it was of great practical significance to design a new type of small road cleaning machine for daily life cleaning.The design of small road cleaning machines must meet the requirements for cleaning up road waste,controlling secondary pollution,driving performance of vehicles,reducing and preventing traffic accidents,facilitating driver operation and a reasonably pleasing car shell.Therefore,the main research work was as follows:1)According to the general design requirements,the basic structural parameters of cleaning machine and the layout form of cleaning device were determined,and the problems existing in the last two generations of cleaning machine were improved.The three-dimensional solid model of cleaning machine is built by CATIA,the principle of cleaning device was analyzed,the requirement of cleaning performance was realized,and the adjusting ability of every part of cleaning device was improved.According to the demand for dust control,the dust control device was designed,the working principle of the dust control device was analyzed,and the components of the dust control device were designed.According to the performance requirements of cleaning machine frame,the frame was designed to ensure the strength and stiffness of the frame,and the spatial layout and the rationality of spatial movement of each device were emphatically measured.The lifting device was improved,the lifting effect of the cleaning device was optimized,and the reliability of the lifting device was improved.The battery pack pull plate was increased,and the operation sustainability of cleaning machine was enhanced.From the angle of industrial design,the appearance of cleaning machine was designed.The improved small road cleaning machine was made two-dimensional engineering drawing and processed in the factory,and the parts and equipment were assembled.2)The electrical control system with PLC as the core was designed,and the design method and principle of the overall scheme were put forward.This paper expounds the working principle and design scheme of electrical control system,designs the circuit of PLC,and selects the control system equipment.Finally,according to the design requirements,the man-machine interface was designed,including the design of each page and the realization of practical functions.3)Combined with the characteristics of the small cleaning machine,the air path system was designed to control the dust.According to the movement characteristics of the brush and the bearing direction of the dust,a special vacuum orifice for arc dust control was designed.The structure parameters of the dust trap were extracted and summarized,and the influence of the structure parameters on the dust control ability was analyzed by using the computational fluid dynamics software(Fluent).Finally,based on the simulation results,the road simulation test was designed to explore the optimal structure parameters of the suction nozzle and verify the dust control performance of the suction nozzle.4)The road test of a small road cleaning machine was designed with three-factor and five-level quadrature orthogonal rotation combination design test.The results of the test were analyzed using Design-Expert software,a reasonable mathematical model of cleaning efficiency was established,and the law of influence of test factors on cleaning efficiency was analyzed and obtained,and the best combination of test factors was obtained to improve the cleaning efficiency. |
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