A Study On Community Street Space Based On Children's Independent Mobility Characteristics

Since Chinese reform and opening started,China's urbanization has developed rapidly.In the rapid changes in the socio-economic culture and environment,children's urban outdoor activities have been increasingly affected negatively,and parents' permission for children's outdoor activities is lower and lower.Among them,the compressed public space,the increased amount of motor vehicles,the deterioration of the ecological environment,the increased static activity types and the reduction of physical activity,parental interference in children's lives,etc.are the main factors affecting children's independent mobility.With urban issues,the emergence of urban children's health problems,the increased obesity rates,poor vision and other issues have a direct relationship to the decrease of children's outdoor activities.At the same time,the emergence of the Internet makes it easier for children to gradually ignore the changes in the physical environment of the city.In addition,because children are vulnerable groups,children's rights are difficult to be guaranteed.Even if the community-based living space cannot meet their game,social needs and other activities,children are hard to pronounce for themselves.On the one hand,children's urbanization has a negative effect on children's ability to move independently.On the other hand,children's independent activities have important implications for the growth of children.Therefore,urban planners,urban designers,and architects should pay attention to children's independent mobility in China.Children's independent mobility refers to the physical activities of children during the active traffic without parental accompany during a period of time.They are an important factor in the healthy improvement of children.They are not only a key step in the socialization of children,but also affect the psychology situation when they enter adulthood.Street space provides opportunities for the diversity of children's independence activities,but the unsatisfactory urban environment has hindered the independent activities of children.Parents also expressed their concerns about the safety of children's cycling,walking and other transportation activities,and affected children's independent activities in the degree of permission.The theoretical research on the street space of human scale mainly comes from urban design disciplines.It has some differences in the view of traffic engineering disciplines on street space.This article is based on urban design theory to analyze the community street space.At the same time,children's independent mobility belongs to the realm of the research of Children's Independent Mobility,and Children's Independent Mobility is a measure of the degree of freedom in children's independent mobility.In the existing research on the relationship between children's independent activity and the urban environment,the application of the theory of affordability,a theory of ecological psychology,is used as an explanation of the use of space resources by people.At the same time,affordance theory is also used as an evaluation model of Child-Friendlyness in the urban environment.The main part of this paper can be divided into four parts: theoretical research,empirical research,comprehensive analysis,design and inspiration.In the theoretical section,first of all,the author elaborates on the meaning of urban streets,the types of streets,and the relationship between streets and communities.Secondly,the author claims the development of children's independent mobility and the relevant researches and a review of factors affecting children's independent mobility based on the independence of children theory the factors.Then,the affordability theory was introduced as a bridge linking environmental analysis with children's independent mobility,and combined with Finnish and Japanese research findings on affordability theory,children's use of space was summarized.Finally,the author summarized up street space resource types that can cause children's independent mobility.The empirical research consists of two parts: the first part quantized analysis and qualitative summarizes of the independent activity rates of children in the sample streets are introduced,including the types of independent activities,and the spatial,temporal,and demographic characteristics.Secondly,since children's independent activities are significantly constrained by parents,the author indirectly describe the factors affecting the permission of parents for children's independent mobility in the sample streets by the investigation of parents' evaluation of the environment.In the second part,combined with the extraction of street space elements from the urban design theory,respectively,based om motor vehicle traffic,interfaces,and entity factors,the traffic density,side-interface function and permeability of the motor vehicle,availability of the bottom interface,availability of children's stay activities and physical elements,the analysis of street space was carried out.Finally,a summary of the characteristics of the street space that is suitable to children's independent mobility are concluded based on the two conclusions above.Finally,the author gives some design strategies based on the current problems in the sample streets combined with the special effects of street space for children's independent mobility,and proposes some inspirations on children-friendly cities.Since the study of children's independent activities in the country is still in its infancy,the author has read through a large number of documents to summarize the research results of children's independent activities related to the urban environment abroad,related to active traffic,physical activity,health and well-beings etc.Any relative aspect has rich research results.However,in view of the limitations of time and ability,this article only points to a basic review.At the same time,the affordability theory related to children's independent mobility is a socio-ecological psychology model.The actual affordability research can supplement the theory of urban and urban environmental studies in China,while he potential affordability has a certain effect on the inspiration of the design industry.