Experimental And Modeling Study On Pedestrian Inflow In A Single Square Room

Pedestrian inflow frequently occurs in daily life,which refers to pedestrians enter an enclose area.However,experimental and model study on it is in the early stage.Pedestrian inflow includes three stages:pedestrians passing the entrance,looking for suitable location to stand and finally standing still on the stable location.In this paper,a series of pedestrian inflow experiments with changed inflow situation(different entrance locations)and different numbers and batches of pedestrians(single and batches)in a single square room were conducted.Based on experiments,the multi-grid pedestrian inflow model was built.For the experiment with changed inflow situation,two different entrance locations are designed:locating in the center or right of the room,and the number of participants is separately 10,20,30 and 40.Based on experiment in a single square room and compared the time,velocity and spatial distribution with those in right entrance experiment,the design of center entrance is better:inflow time is reduced by 20%and steady time is reduced by 15%.What’s more,the inflow velocity is improved by 20%and the entrance efficiency is improved.In addition,pedestrians’ trajectories are smoother,the local density is less and the space is more efficient.For the experiment with different numbers and batches of pedestrians,the paper designs that pedestrian enters room single and in two batches separately.In the single pedestrian inflow experiment,parameters that influence spatial distribution and pedestrian steady preferences are analyzed,which are separately the rule of entrance avoidance,boundary attraction,angle cost and distance cost.In the batch pedestrian inflow experiment,the batch impact on pedestrian inflow is similar to that of pedestrian group.For the multi-grid pedestrian inflow model study,the paper builds a multi-grid model which combines static field(entrance avoidance,boundary attraction,angle cost and distance cost)and changed field(proxemic field).Coefficients are determined by inflow situation,pedestrian characteristics and crowd characteristics.The paper simulates multi-pedestrian inflow,and simulation results is similar to experiment results in the steady stage.The model may lay the foundation for the development of pedestrian inflow.