Construction Technology And Applied Extension Of Earth Building In Central Area Of Hunan

Nowadays architectures gradually lose their local characteristics because traditional materials are often ignored by architects.An unfortunate choice of building materials could also leads to the unnecessary environmental pollution and energy consumption.Therefore,the research of local architectural form and environmental friendly building materials become the urgent matter.Earth buildings have a history of thousands of years in China.Earth has been rammed on the walls since slavery society period.Its excellent material properties,making the earth construction remain alive today.However,earth material has a low strength in bending,shearing and folding,which means it is lack of water resistance and durability.The central area of Hunan is misty,humid,and rainy all year round.However,some of the raw soil construction in this area is still intact after hundreds of years of wind and rain erosion.It provides a good living environment for people when the design is reasonable and the construction measures properly.Therefore,the study of existing traditional earth buildings in central area of Hunan is very instructive to the improving and building modern earth architectures.This paper makes people recognize these neglected traditional architectures by literature reading and field research.The application development research is also accomplished which lays the foundation of transformation of traditional earth buildings in the future.The research focuses on the construction process and material properties and tries to stimulating the interest of people to the traditional building materials.It also provides references for future in-depth research.Through the induction and analysis of the field research and the interview with the craftsman,this paper has the following contributions.(1)To recognize the building types,structure,material characteristics and using method of soil constructions.The building picture of earth materials is also analyzed.(2)We found that the earth buildings in central of Hunan include mud brick raw soil construction and adobe bricks raw soil buildings.The cultural origin,construction technology and construction node are also analyzed.(3)Analyzed the possibility of the development based on its opportunities and challenges.The existing problems are put forward based on the present situation of the traditional earth buildings in central Hunan.We also lay a foundation for the update and promotion of traditional earth buildings based on three strategies including form innovation,node replacement,and structural improvement.(4)Summarized the developing direction of contemporary earth building through the analysis of the earth architecture cases abroad.It serves as a reference to the transformation of traditional earth buildings in our country.We have in-depth understanding of earth buildings in central of Hunan by summarizing,investigating,improving and designing.It promotes the use of environmental friendly material and makes people pay attention to traditional building habit.It' provides reference to the traditional materials adapting to modern building system and the new usage of traditional architecture.