Hollow And Rough Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles For Hierarchically Promoting Wound Healing

Wound healing is a complex and sequential biological process that involves multiple stages,including hemostasis,inflammation and proliferation.It is of great practical significance in the clinic to seek a safe and effective wound healing agent.In the past few years,nanotechnology has developed rapidly,nanomaterials are widely used in biomedical and biopharmaceutical applications,with a significant proportion of nanoparticles used in wound dressings and other biomedical applications,and this novel approach has revolutionized the treatment and management of wound healing.Nanotechnology-based treatments have become the next generation of new therapies to promote wound healing.Although various nanomaterials have been applied to accelerate the wound healing process,only single stage is promoted during the process,lacking hierarchical stimulating ability.Herein,hollow CeO₂ NPs with rough surface and L-Arginine inside(_AhCeO₂ NPs)were developed as a compact and programmable nanosystem for hierarchically and sequentially promoting the hemostasis,inflammation,and proliferation stages.The rough surface of _AhCeO₂ NPs worked as nanobridge to rapidly closure the wounds,promoting the hemostasis stage.The hollow structure of _AhCeO₂ NPs enabled the multi-reflection of white light inside particles,significantly enhancing the light harvest efficiency and electron-hole pair abundance,and simultaneously,the porous shell of _Ahh CeO₂ NPs facilitated the electron-hole separation and reactive oxygen species production,as a result of prevention of wound infection and promotion of inflammation stage.The enzyme mimicking property of _AhCeO₂ NPs could alleviate the oxidative injury in the wound,and the released L-Arginine could be converted into nitric oxide（NO）under the catalysis of inducible NO synthase,both of which promote the proliferation stage.A series of in vitro and in vivo biological assessments corroborated the effectiveness of _Ahh CeO₂ NPs in the wound healing process.Therefore,_AhCeO₂ NPs is a versatile,procedural,good wound healing nanoparticle that can be used as a fast,efficient and safe wound healing agent.